PTFE-ntekwasa fiberglass ákwà bụ ihe mejupụtara ihe mere site impregnating fiberglass ákwà na polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) dispersion na mgbe ahụ sintering na elu okpomọkụ. Enwere ike kewaa ihe owuwu ya ụzọ abụọ: mkpuchi PTFE na akwa fiberglass base.
Na gburugburu kemịkalụ na-emebi emebi, mgbanwe nhazi ahụ na-adabere n'ụdị, itinye uche na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke ihe na-emebi emebi, yana ma ọ bụ isi na-awakpo mkpuchi ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ. Ka anyị nyochaa oyi akwa a site na oyi akwa site n'echiche nke ndị na-emepụta akwa fiberglass nwere mkpuchi PTFE:
I. Mgbanwe na mkpuchi mkpuchi PTFE: Ezigbo kwụsiri ike n'ọtụtụ ikpe
PTFE bụ onye ama ama dị ka 'Eze Plastics' n'ihi njikọ carbon-fluorine ya siri ike nke ukwuu yana inertness kemịkalụ na-enweghị atụ. Na gburugburu kemịkalụ na-emebikarị (gụnyere esi mmiri aqua regia, sulfuric acid concentrated, nitric acid, organic solvents, wdg), usoro ihe nrụnye molekụla ya anaghị enwe mgbanwe ọ bụla. Otú ọ dị, n'okpuru ọnọdụ ndị a dị oke egwu, a ga-emebi ihe owuwu ahụ:
1. Ọla alkali a wụrụ awụ / Ngwọta Alkaline siri ike (dịka ọmụmaatụ, sodium, potassium, sodium hydroxide na oke okpomọkụ)
- Mgbanwe nhazi: ọla Alkali ga-ewepụ atom fluorine na PTFE, na-eme ka mmeghachi omume dehydrofluorination. A na-ebibi -CF₂- otu ndị dị na ụdọ molekụla, na-eme njikọ carbon-carbon okpukpu abụọ (-C = C-) na emesịa na-eduga na carbonization.
- Ngosipụta nke macroscopic: mkpuchi na-agbanwe site na milky ọcha / translucent na aja aja ma ọ bụ oji, na-efunahụ mgbanwe, na-aghọ kenkuwa, na powders. Nke a bụ ụdị mmebi kemịkalụ.
2. Ike Fluorinating Agents na ụfọdụ Halogenated Hydrocarbons (n'okpuru elu okpomọkụ na nrụgide)
- Elemental fluorine (F₂), chlorine trifluoride (ClF₃), na ihe ndị yiri ya nwere ike ịgbaji ọkpụkpụ carbon-carbon, na-eme ka mkpuchi ahụ daa.
- N'okpuru oke okpomọkụ na nrụgide, ụfọdụ ihe mgbaze ụdị Freon nwere ike ime ka ọzịza siri ike nke PTFE. Ọ bụ ezie na mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ nwere ike ọ gaghị adịrịrị ime, nhazi anụ ahụ na-ata ahụhụ site na mbelata kristal, mgbasawanye olu, na enweghị ike n'ihi agbụ molekụla nke a na-amanye iche.
3. Acids Oxidizing siri ike na oke okpomọkụ
- imikpu ogologo oge na nitric acid fuming ma ọ bụ sulfuric acid na-ekpo ọkụ nwere ike jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ mee ka elu PTFE dị, na-ewebata otu polar dị ka carbonyl na hydroxyl otu, na ịba ụba ike elu. Agbanyeghị, nke a anaghị ahụkebe na ngwa ọdịnala.
Isi ihe: Maka ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke mgbasa ozi kemịkalụ, mkpuchi PTFE n'onwe ya na-agbanwe agbanwe ' Otú ọ dị, nsogbu ahụ na-adaberekarị n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ pụghị ime ya kpamkpam, yana n'ụdị ọdịdị anụ ahụ ya.
II. Mgbanwe na Fiberglass Base Fabric: Njikọ adịghị ike nke ihe niile
Isi ihe dị na fiberglass bụ silicon dioxide (SiO₂) na ụfọdụ oxides metal. Ozugbo akụkụ a mebiri emebi, usoro dum nke akwa akwa okpomọkụ ga-adaba.
- Ngosipụta nke macroscopic: elu akwa na-efunahụ ngwa ngwa, na-adị ka akpụkpọ anụ dị nro nke nwere naanị mkpuchi fọdụrụnụ, na-adọka ngwa ngwa mgbe ọ na-adọkpụ, na nkewa dị ukwuu n'etiti mkpuchi na mkpụrụ. Nke a bụ kemịkalụ kemịkalụ kacha atụ egwu maka ihe ndị nwere eriri nwere iko. Ọ bụrụhaala na enwere pinholes na mkpuchi ma ọ bụ akụkụ ekpughere, mmebi ahụ na-agbawa obi.
- Mgbanwe nhazi: OH⁻ ions na-agbaji agbụ siloxane (-Si-O-Si-) na netwọk iko, na-akpụ silicates soluble. Ihe dị n'elu eriri ahụ na-agbanwe site na ire ụtọ gaa na nke siri ike, na-enwe olulu etching na mgbawa na-apụta, dayameta eriri ahụ na-ebelata, ma mesịa gbajie.
- Ngosipụta nke Macroscopic: Ike na-ebelata, ákwà ahụ na-agbaji, mgbe ọ na-ehulata, eriri ndị ahụ gbajiri agbaji na-esi na mkpuchi ahụ pụta, na-eme ka mkpuchi na-agbawa ma wepụ ya.
3. Acid Media (ma e wezụga hydrofluoric acid)
- Mgbanwe Ọdịdị: Acids nkịtị (hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, wdg) na-ahọrọ nke ọma na-ewepụta ihe ndị na-abụghị silicon (dị ka aluminom, calcium oxides, wdg) na fiberglass, na-ahapụ nke ukwuu skeleton silica. A na-akpọkarị usoro a dị ka 'leaching,' na-akpụ ihe owuwu microporous n'elu eriri eriri.
- Ngosipụta nke macroscopic: ákwà ahụ na-esiwanye ike ma na-agbaji, na-agbanwe na shrinkage, ọ bụ ezie na enwere ike idowe ụdị n'ozuzu ya. Ike na-ebelata n'ihi nrụgide nrụgide.
III. Mgbanwe na Interface mejupụtara: Zoro Ezo
Gburugburu kemịkalụ anaghị ebuso agha ọgụ kama kama ọ na-esi na nsọtụ ma ọ bụ site na mpe mpe mpe mpe mpe mpe akwa banye.
- Penetration na Delamination: Organic solvents ma ọ bụ acid ngwọta banye site pinholes, micro-cracks, ma ọ bụ bee n'ọnụ na PTFE mkpuchi, na-awakpo fiberglass. Ngwaahịa mmeghachi omume ma ọ bụ mmiri mmiri na-abanye na-agbakọta na interface ahụ, na-emepụta nrụgide osmotic, na-eme ka mkpuchi PTFE na-egbuke egbuke na delaminate site na eriri fiberglass n'ọtụtụ buru ibu.
- Nchegbu Corrosion Cracking: akwa na-ekpo ọkụ na-enwe nrụgide n'oge eji. The corrosion nke fiberglass site chemical media (karịsịa alkalis siri ike) na-eme synergistically na n'ibu nrụgide, na-eme ka cracks na ngwa ngwa na-agbasa n'akụkụ eriri radial direction, na-eduga na mberede akwa mgbajikwa na mberede kenkuwa-agbajikwa morphology na nkwụsịtụ.
Na chemically corrosive gburugburu, na structural mgbanwe nke PTFE mkpuchi fiberglass ákwà nwere ike ichikota dị ka: na 'Eze Plastics' mkpuchi na-anọgide fọrọ nke nta ka ike dị ka ugwu, mgbe fiberglass isi ákwà-otu ugboro penetrated ma ọ bụ ọgụ-aghọ Achilles 'ikiri ụkwụ, na-eduga skeleton dissolution, na interface depụtara dum.
