Iyi ngingo ikubiyemo ibintu byo gusibanganya imyenda ya Teflon yo hejuru. Gusiba bivuga gutandukana no gutobora hagati yubuso bwa PTFE nigitambaro cyimbere cya fiberglass cyangwa hagati yububiko bwinshi. Kugaragara kugaragara: guhuha / kubyimba (kuzamura ibibyimba byuzuye) nk'ibimenyetso byambere; interlayer peeling hamwe nigitambaro cyakuweho byoroshye mumpapuro zerekana fiberglass yera; cyera cyera gikurikirwa no guhindagurika nyuma yubushyuhe / guterana. Impamvu nyamukuru: Kwangirika kwubushuhe - gutandukanya coefficient zo kwagura ubushyuhe hagati ya PTFE na fiberglass bitera guhangayika imbere, ubushyuhe bwihuse / gukonjesha bitera gutandukana; Inenge nziza yumusaruro - kuvura fibre idahagije, kuvura nabi PTFE, gucumura bidahagije bitera guhuza imikoranire idahwitse.

Iyi ngingo isobanura microstructural ibiranga Teflon umwenda wo hejuru. Substrate skeleton: ibirahuri byo kuboha ibirahuri mubudodo busanzwe / twill hamwe nububasha bwinshi (micron-nini ya pore iri muri fibre bundles no kuri warp-weft node) itanga umwanya wo gutera PTFE. Coating morphologie: enapsulasiyo yuzuye igizwe 'ibyuma bishimangira beto ' aho fibre yibirahure ikomeza icyiciro, PTFE ni matrix ikomeza; microstructure ya nodular yubuso bwa nodules (uduce) ihujwe na fibrile nziza yakozwe mugihe cyo gucumura; uruhu rwinshi rwuruhu (byinshi kugeza kuri mirongo ya microne yuburebure) bwa PTFE nkinzitizi yingenzi yo kutagira imiti, imiterere idafite inkoni, hamwe n’amashanyarazi.

Iyi ngingo irasuzuma ingaruka zo kugenzura imbogamizi zurubuga mugihe cya Teflon yubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa kaseti kuri PTFE substrate igororotse hamwe no gufatira hamwe. Ingaruka ku buringanire bwa substrate: impagarara zirenze urugero rwa elastike zitera kurambura plastike idasubirwaho kurambura no kwizosi (kurambura birebire, kugabanuka kwambukiranya), gukora ubunebwe, iminkanyari hamwe nuburyo bwo kuzunguruka; PTFE kunyerera munsi yubusa burahinduka 'gukonjeshwa ' nyuma yo gukonja, bigatera ubusumbane bwubuso; impagarike itaringaniye iturutse kumukino muke ugereranije ikora impande zigoramye, guhuha hagati, hamwe nibimenyetso bifatika.

Iyi ngingo irasuzuma impinduka zimiterere muri PTFE yubushyuhe bwo hejuru mugihe cyo gusaza. Ibice bine: microstructure ya PTFE - gusohora urunigi rwa molekile hamwe na okiside (kwibumbira mu matsinda ya karubone / carboxyl), ihinduka rya kristu (kuzamuka hakiri kare noneho gusenyuka), micro-crack na pinhole, ifu yubutaka; Ibirahuri bya fibre substrate hamwe ninteruro - ubunini / guhuza ibice byangirika bitera igihombo cyo guhuza, gutandukana hagati no gutandukana (guhuha, ahantu hera), isuri ya fibre fibre isuri no kuyitobora, imvura ya alkali ya oxyde itera kwangirika kwangirika; Imiterere ya Macroscopique no kugaragara - guhindura ibara (cyera → beige → umukara → umukara), kugabanuka no kugabanuka, kugabanuka hejuru no gutakaza gloss, ifu iyo ikoraho, gutakaza burundu guhinduka. Ibyingenzi byo gusaza: inzira igenda itera 'gutwika igabanuka failure gutsindwa kwimbere → substrate degradation. '

Iyi ngingo ikubiyemo uburyo bwo kugenzura igihe cyo gucumura cya PTFE yubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Uburyo bwibanze bwo kugenzura: guhuza umurongo. Igihe cyo gucumura = uburebure bwo gushyushya igice length umuvuduko wurugendo. Inzira nziza yo gucumura ni 350 ° C (hejuru yubushyuhe bubarwa nkigihe cyo gucumura). Ikwirakwizwa ry'ubushyuhe bwa zone nyinshi: gushyushya (100-250 ° C), gucumura (360-395 ° C), ubushyuhe bwo hejuru (380-390 ° C), gukonja (munsi ya 300 ° C). Ibihe byerekanwe kuri 380-390 ° C: uburemere (0.08-0.13mm) amasegonda 30-60; bisanzwe (0.18-0.25mm) iminota 1.5-3; biremereye (≥0.35mm) iminota 3-5. Kumenyekanisha no guhinduka: munsi-gucumura (imbaraga nke, kumena ifu, micro-crack) → kugabanya umuvuduko kugirango wongere igihe; kurenza urugero (umuhondo, ubukana, imyotsi yera) → kongera umuvuduko kugirango ugabanye gutura. Ubushyuhe-bwigihe buringaniye butuma ubushyuhe bwihuta cyane (395-405 ° C, amasegonda) cyangwa gucisha make gahoro gahoro (360-375 ° C, iminota 5-8).

Iyi ngingo isobanura uburyo bwo guhinduka mumbaraga zifatika za PTFE ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa kaseti ifata nyuma yubusaza bukabije. Inzira y'ibyiciro bitatu: Nyuma yo gukira izamuka ryicyiciro (ubushyuhe bwo hejuru ubushyuhe bwa dogere 200-260 ° C, amatsinda asigaye akomeza guhuzagurika, ubumwe bwiyongera cyane); Icyiciro gihwanye neza (guhuza inzira yegereje kurangira, guhuriza hamwe biguma bihamye mugihe kirekire); Gutesha agaciro no kugabanuka (igihe kirenze / ubushyuhe butera urunigi nyamukuru kwangirika, guhuzagurika kugabanuka, gufatira byoroshye no guhinduka). Hasesenguwe imizi itera kunanirwa gufatana hamwe (gutanyagura imbere gusiga ibisigara) no gusohoka (gutembera gukonje kuva kumpande kubera kugabanuka kwa modulus).

Iyi ngingo irambuye ikoreshwa rya Teflon yubushyuhe bwo hejuru murwego rwingufu zizuba. Porogaramu yibanze muri module lamination: kurekura umwenda ushyizwe hejuru / munsi ya modules ya PV birinda EVA yashonze (140-150 ° C) gukomera kubushyuhe bwa plaque cyangwa plaque, kurinda ibikoresho no kugenzura neza module; imikandara ya laminator yo gukanda / gupakurura byikora; rubber platen ikingira imyenda yongerera ubuzima ubuzima. Kugurisha ingirabuzimafatizo ya selile: umukandara wa convoyeur utwara selile na lente unyuze ahantu hashyuha, hamwe nubuso butari inkoni burwanya flux hamwe nuwagurishije; gushyushya ibishushanyo byo kugurisha aho bakorera. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane: gupfunyika ibyuma bishyushya, thermocouples, insinga muri laminator no gukiza amashyiga; ibikoresho bitwikiriye amashyanyarazi hamwe ningabo.

Iyi ngingo ikubiyemo intambwe zo kwitegura zisabwa kumyenda ya fiberglass mbere yo gutera intanga ya PTFE. Intambwe ya 1: Kuvura ubushyuhe / gutemba kuri 300-450 ° C kugirango ukureho burundu ibishashara bya paraffine hamwe namavuta biva hejuru ya fibre (ibishashara bya paraffin, ibikomoka kuri krahisi), ubunini busigaye busabwa munsi ya 0.2%, butanga 'umwenda utoshye.' fibre idafite ibirahuri hamwe na PTFE kama; ubucuruzi buraboneka mbere yimiti yatunganijwe irashobora gusimbuka iyi ntambwe ariko igomba kugenzurwa. Intambwe ya 3: Kuma no gushyushya - gukama kuri 80-120 ° C mumasaha 1-2 kugirango ugabanye ubuhehere buri munsi ya 0.1%, birinda ibibyimba / ubusa mugihe cyo gukira.

Iyi ngingo irerekana uburyo bwo kunoza imirwanyasuri hamwe nigihe kirekire cyo gufata neza Teflon ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ingamba zirimo: Molecular net topologiya optimizasiyo - igipimo kinini cya MQ silicone resin / gum igereranyo (1.2: 1-22: 1) ikora ibyiciro bikomeye bigoye; kwinjiza amatsinda ya fenyl (20-30 mol%) abuza urunigi; uburemere bwa molekuline bugenzurwa kuri 5.000-15,000 g / mol; Gradient modulus multilayeri yubaka - primer-anchoring layer (1-3μm) hamwe na silane ihuza silane, moderi yo mu bwoko bwa modulus cohesive layer (30-50μm) nka skeleton idashobora kwangirika, skelet ikora ya viscoelastic (3-8μm) kugirango itose hejuru; Nanofillers - silika yumye (10-25 wt%) hamwe no guhindura isura itera guhuza umubiri guhinduka.

Iyi ngingo irasuzuma impinduka zuburyo bwimyenda ya PTFE yometseho fiberglass mubidukikije byangiza imiti. Ipitingi ya PTFE irahagaze neza mubitangazamakuru byinshi (harimo na aqua regia, acide yibanze, ibishishwa kama) - iminyururu ya molekile ntigihinduka. Ibidasanzwe: ibyuma bya alkali bishongeshejwe bivamo fluor itera karubone (umukara / umukara, kuvunika); ibikoresho bikomeye bya fluor (F₂, ClF₃) bimena umugongo wa karubone-karubone; ibishishwa bimwe na bimwe bya Freon bitera kubyimba; ashyushye cyane ya okiside acide itangiza buhoro buhoro amatsinda ya polar hejuru.