Niki Teflon Yakoreshejwe
Reba: 0 Umwanditsi: Muhinduzi wurubuga Gutangaza Igihe: 2023-11-20 Inkomoko: Urubuga
Baza
Urugendo rwa Teflon ruva mu mpanuka ya laboratoire rugana ku bikoresho biboneka mu mibare itabarika bishimangira akamaro kayo. Imiterere yacyo idafatanye, hamwe nubushobozi bwayo bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi n’imiti yangirika, bituma iba ibikoresho byo guhitamo mubice byinshi. Haba mu gikoni, ku muhanda, mu nganda, cyangwa mu bitaro, igisubizo cy 'icyo Teflon ikoreshwa' kigaragarira mu bikorwa byinshi kandi bitandukanye.
Intangiriro kuri Teflon (PTFE)
Teflon, izina ryirangantego risa na mugenzi we w’imiti, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ryahinduye inganda nyinshi kuva ryavumburwa ku bw'impanuka mu 1938 na Roy J. Plunkett. Iki gihangano cya serendipitous cyabereye muri Amerika mugihe Plunkett yakoraga kuri firigo. Yasanze icyitegererezo cya tetrafluoroethylene cyakonjeshejwe, gikonjeshejwe cyahinduwe mu cyera, gishashara, cyerekana ivuka rya Teflon.
Ikitandukanya Teflon nigitekerezo cyayo kidasanzwe cyimiterere yihariye. Birazwi cyane kubiranga bitari inkoni, ikintu cyagize izina ryurugo mubikoresho byo mu gikoni. Ibikoresho byo gutekesha Teflon byoroshya guteka no gukora isuku, byerekana iterambere rikomeye mugutunganya ibiryo nubuhanzi bwo guteka. Imikoreshereze ya Teflon, ariko, igera kure yigikoni.
Kubijyanye no kurwanya ubushyuhe, Teflon igaragara cyane kubushobozi bwayo bwo guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru idatakaje ubusugire bwimiterere. Iyi miterere ituma iba ibikoresho byingirakamaro mubikorwa byo gukora birimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, cyane cyane mu gutunganya imiti n’inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga. Imbaraga zacyo nyinshi hamwe na kamere irwanya ruswa niyo mpamvu itwikiriye Teflon yiganje mubikorwa bitandukanye birimo ikirere, aho kwizerwa no kuramba aribyo byingenzi.
Ikindi kintu cyingenzi cya Teflon nubusembure bwimiti. Yerekana kurwanya bidasanzwe imiti yangirika, bigatuma iba ingenzi mubikoresho bitunganya imiti. Iyi myigaragambyo yemeza ko ibicuruzwa bya Teflon bishobora gutwara ibintu byinshi bitangirika, byemeza kuramba n'umutekano.
Icyifuzo cya Teflon murwego rwubuvuzi ntigishobora kuvugwa. Imiterere yimiti ituma ikoreshwa mubuvuzi, aho biocompatibilité na kamere ya inert ari ngombwa. Kuva mubikoresho byo kubaga kugeza kuri catheters, uruhare rwa Teflon mugutezimbere ikoranabuhanga mubuvuzi ni ngombwa.
Byongeye kandi, Teflon ikoreshwa mubintu bitandukanye bya buri munsi, byerekana byinshi. Kuva kumyenda irwanya amazi kugeza kumyenda ikingira imyenda yijisho, imikoreshereze ya Teflon yerekana guhuza kwayo nibidukikije bitandukanye nibisabwa.
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Teflon mubikoresho byo mu gikoni nibikoresho byo guteka
Kuba Teflon ihari mubikoresho byo mu gikoni, cyane cyane uruhare rwayo mubikoresho bidafite inkoni, bishimangirwa nibyiza byinshi bishyigikiwe namakuru. Coefficient idasanzwe idasanzwe, irangwa na coefficient yo kurwanya ubukana budasanzwe, itandukanya nkuburyo bwiza bwo guhitamo ibiryo. Iyi coefficient yageragejwe cyane muburyo busanzwe kandi budasanzwe, byerekana ubushobozi bwa Teflon bwo kubuza ibiryo kwizirika ku bikoresho bitetse, kabone niyo byakorerwa ibibazo byinshi.
Kimwe mu bintu biranga Teflon ni ukurwanya ubushyuhe butangaje. Hamwe n'ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwa dogere selisiyusi 260 (hafi dogere 500 Fahrenheit), ibikoresho byo gutekesha Teflon birashobora kwihanganira ubukana bwo guteka cyane bitavunitse icyuya. Niba ubushyuhe burenze iyi mbago, Teflon ikomeza kuba inyangamugayo, itanga umutekano muke mugikoni.
Byongeye kandi, ibintu bya Teflon bidafite inkoni bigabanya cyane gukenera amavuta yo guteka hamwe namavuta. Isesengura ryinshi ryamakuru ryerekana ko amasafuriya yometse kuri Teflon akenera amavuta agera kuri 30% ugereranije nibikoresho gakondo, biteza imbere uburyo bwiza bwo guteka no guhuza nubuyobozi bwimirire.
Kamere ya Teflon irwanya ruswa niyindi nyungu ifashwa namakuru, cyane cyane mubikoni aho usanga guhura nibintu bitandukanye nubushuhe bikunze kugaragara. Igeragezwa rikomeye ryerekanye ko ubuso bwa Teflon busize butagifite ingaruka mbi za aside, ibishingwe, nibindi bintu bifitanye isano no guteka, bikaramba kuramba bikenerwa mugikoni.
Muri make, ikoreshwa rya Teflon mu bikoresho byo mu gikoni ntabwo ari ikibazo cyoroshye gusa; ni ihitamo rishingiye ku makuru yashinze imizi mu buryo butangaje bwo kutagira inkoni, kurwanya ubushyuhe budasanzwe, no kugabanuka neza kw'ikoreshwa rya peteroli. Kurwanya kwangirika kwarwo gushimangira umwanya wacyo nkibikoresho byo gukunda ibiryo hamwe nababigize umwuga.
Wige byinshi kuri Igipfundikizo ni iki ku isafuriya idahwitse?
Inganda zikoreshwa muri Teflon
Kuba Teflon iboneka hose birenze igikoni, kuko isanga bifite akamaro kanini mubikorwa byinshi byinganda. Ibi bikoresho bidasanzwe byahinduye imiterere yinganda, bitewe nuburyo budasanzwe bwujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa mu nzego zitandukanye.
Mu rwego rwimashini nubuhanga bwimodoka, Teflon ifata icyiciro hagati, cyane cyane mubikoresho ndetse nibikoresho. Ibi bice byingenzi byunguka cyane kuri Teflon, bigabanya cyane guterana no kwambara. Isesengura rishingiye ku makuru ryerekana ko ibyuma bifata ibyuma bya Teflon hamwe n’ibikoresho bifite uburambe bugera kuri 50% ugereranije no kurira ugereranije na bagenzi babo badafunze. Ibi bisobanura kongera kuramba no gukora neza mumashini n'ibinyabiziga.
Mu nganda zo mu kirere n’amashanyarazi, ibiranga Teflon byihariye bikoreshwa muburyo bwo kubika ibintu. Ubushakashatsi bunini bwemeza imbaraga zidasanzwe za dielectric ya Teflon, bigatuma ihitamo guhitamo insinga ninsinga. Aya makuru yemeza ko iziterwa rya Teflon ririnda neza sisitemu y’amashanyarazi, bikagabanya ibyago by’amashanyarazi kandi bigatuma amashanyarazi adahagarara. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, mu kirere, aho usanga ibintu bikabije byiganje, Teflon irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi n’imiti yangirika ni ngombwa. Ibyatanzwe mubizamini byuzuye byerekana ko ibice bya Teflon bikomeza uburinganire bwimiterere, ndetse no mubidukikije bigoye.
Kuramba kwa Teflon no guhangana nubushyuhe bukabije nibintu byangirika nibyo shimikiro ryinganda zayo. Ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana ibimenyetso bya Teflon yo guhangana nubushyuhe buri hagati ya dogere selisiyusi 250 na dogere selisiyusi 260 (-418 kugeza kuri dogere 500 Fahrenheit). Uru rutonde rudasanzwe rugira umutungo mubisabwa byerekanwe na cryogenic hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Byongeye kandi, kurwanya Teflon kurwanya imiti myinshi, harimo aside na base, byanditse neza. Ntigishobora gukomeretsa nubwo gihuye n’imiti yangirika, ikomeza ubusugire bwibigize ibikoresho nibikoresho.
Imikoreshereze ya Teflon mumiterere yinganda nubuhamya bwibyiza bifashwa namakuru. Haba mu mashini, ibice by'imodoka, kubika amashanyarazi, cyangwa ibice byo mu kirere, imikorere ya Teflon irenze ibyateganijwe. Kuramba kwayo no kurwanya ubushyuhe bukabije nibintu byangirika bituma iba umutungo utagereranywa mubikorwa byinganda, aho kwizerwa no kuramba aribyo byingenzi.
Kanda hano kugirango umenye byinshi kuri 'Porogaramu ya Teflon '
Teflon muri Electronics yumuguzi nibikoresho byo murugo
Ingaruka ya Teflon igera no mubice bya elegitoroniki y’abaguzi n’ibikoresho byo mu rugo bya buri munsi, bigashyigikirwa n’ibicuruzwa bitangaje ndetse n’imibare minini y’isoko.
Mwisi yisi irushanwa cyane mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibicuruzwa bya Teflon bigira uruhare runini mukuzamura ibicuruzwa biramba. Isesengura ryamakuru yaturutse mu nganda zikomeye ryerekana ko ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bifite ibikoresho bifatanyirijwe hamwe na Teflon byerekana ko byagabanutse cyane bitewe n’ibidukikije. Iyi myenda ikora nk'inzitizi irwanya ubushuhe, ivumbi, nibindi byanduza, bikagabanya amahirwe yo gukora nabi. Iri terambere rigaragara mu kwizerwa ry’ibikoresho ryagize uruhare mu kwiyongera kwa Teflon ku isoko rya elegitoroniki y’abaguzi, bivugwa ko rifite agaciro ka miliyari y’amadolari buri mwaka.
Byongeye kandi, kuba Teflon irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi bituma ibikoresho bya elegitoronike biguma bihamye ndetse no mugihe kinini cyakoreshejwe ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru. Iyi mikorere ishigikiwe nibikorwa byingenzi cyane muri mudasobwa zigendanwa, terefone zigendanwa, nibindi bikoresho bitanga ubushyuhe mugihe gikora.
Ubwinshi bwa Teflon busanga imvugo muburyo butandukanye bwibintu bya buri munsi, uhereye kumyenda nigitambara kugeza kumyenda yijisho. Amakuru avuga byinshi ku ngaruka za Teflon ku mikorere y'ibicuruzwa no kugabana ku isoko.
Mu myenda, porogaramu ya Teflon ikubiyemo uburyo bwuzuye bwo gukora no guhonyora uburyo bwo gutangiza amazi yangiza kandi yangiza. Ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku isoko bwerekana ko imyenda ivurwa na Teflon ihora yunguka isoko kubera imikorere yabo myiza. Abaguzi bashima imyenda n'ibikoresho bikomeza kugira isuku kandi byumye, kabone niyo byaba ari bibi.
Mu nganda z’amaso, impuzu za Teflon zabonye umugabane munini ku isoko. Ingano yubunini bwisoko igaragaza ko lens zifatanije na Teflon zikenewe cyane, bitewe nimiterere yazo zidashobora kwangirika. Abaguzi bahitamo indorerwamo z'amadarubindi n'amadarubindi hamwe na Teflon kugirango babone neza kandi biramba.
Mu gusoza, kuba Teflon ihari mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki byabaguzi nibikoresho byo murugo bya buri munsi ntabwo bigaragazwa gusa namakuru yimikorere yibicuruzwa ahubwo binagaragaza imibare yubunini bw isoko. Uruhare rwayo mukuzamura igihe kirekire, kwizerwa, no gukora bikomeje kuvugurura inganda, bigira uruhare runini mukuzamuka kwabo no guhaza abaguzi. Guhuza kwa Teflon mubikorwa bitandukanye bishimangira umwanya wacyo nkumuyobozi wisoko mubicuruzwa bishingiye ku baguzi.
Gukemura ibibazo n'ibitekerezo bitari byo bikikije Teflon ni ingenzi mu kwimakaza inzira iboneye kandi ishinzwe kubikoresha. Aokai, nkumuntu ushyigikiye umusaruro wa Teflon utekanye kandi utangiza ibidukikije, ufatana uburemere ibyo bibazo.
Kimwe mu bitekerezo bikunze kugaragara kuri Teflon bifitanye isano na polymer fume fever, indwara ishobora kubaho mugihe Teflon yashyutswe nubushyuhe bukabije cyane, ubusanzwe hejuru ya dogere selisiyusi 260 (dogere 500 Fahrenheit). Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko muguteka kwa buri munsi cyangwa gukoreshwa bisanzwe, ibikoresho byo gutekesha Teflon bitagera kuri ubu bushyuhe bukabije. Isesengura ryamakuru rikomeye ryemeza ko ingaruka ziterwa na polymer fume fever ari nkeya mugihe gisanzwe cyo guteka.
Byongeye kandi, imiti ya Teflon yimiti ikunze kutumvikana. Nubwo ari ukuri ko Teflon irwanya cyane imiti, ntabwo yoroha cyangwa ngo ihindurwe n'umubiri w'umuntu. Ibi biranga byemeza ko ibikoresho bya Teflon bisizwe hamwe nibicuruzwa bitangiza ubuzima iyo bikoreshejwe neza.
Kanda Hano Kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri 'Teflon ifite umutekano? '
Aokai yiyemeje kubyaza umusaruro Teflon umutekano kandi utangiza ibidukikije. Ibikorwa byacu byo gukora byubahiriza ubuziranenge n’umutekano. Isesengura rishingiye ku mibare y'ibikorwa byacu byerekana umusaruro ryubahiriza amabwiriza y’ibidukikije no gukoresha neza umutungo. Dushyira imbere ibikorwa birambye, tureba ko ingaruka zacu kubidukikije zikomeza kuba nkeya.
Byongeye kandi, ibyo twiyemeje kubuzima n’umutekano bigera no ku bakoresha amaherezo y’ibicuruzwa bya Teflon. Dutanga umurongo ngenderwaho wuzuye kubijyanye no gukoresha neza no kwita kubikoresho bitetse bya Teflon, dushimangira uburyo bwo guteka bushinzwe kugabanya ingaruka zose zishobora kubaho.
Ubwitange budasubirwaho bwa Aokai mu musaruro wa Teflon utekanye kandi wangiza ibidukikije, ushyigikiwe namakuru akomeye no kubahiriza imikorere myiza y’inganda, uremeza ko ibicuruzwa byacu bidakora gusa bidasanzwe ahubwo binashyira imbere imibereho myiza y’abakiriya bacu n’ibidukikije.
Umwanzuro nigihe kizaza cya Teflon
Mu gusoza, imikoreshereze ya Teflon ni nini nkuko ishimishije. Ibi bikoresho bidasanzwe, byavutse biturutse kuri serendipité, byarenze inkomoko yabyo yicisha bugufi kugirango bibe igice cyingenzi mubuzima bwacu. Ibikoresho byayo bidafite inkoni byahinduye ibikoni byacu, bituma guteka no koza umuyaga. Mu rwego rw’inganda, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwa Teflon, kurwanya ruswa, no kutagira imiti byatumye habaho udushya mu mashini, amamodoka, icyogajuru, n’ikoranabuhanga. Ibintu bya buri munsi, kuva kumyenda kugeza kumyenda y'amaso, byagarutsweho, bitewe na Teflon yangiza amazi kandi irwanya ikizinga.
Urebye imbere, ejo hazaza ha Teflon hasezeranya ndetse birashoboka cyane. Ubushakashatsi buterwa namakuru niterambere birategura inzira yo guhanga udushya tuzasunika imbibi zikoreshwa. Mu gutegereza ubushyuhe buri hejuru, Teflon yiteguye kugira uruhare runini mu nganda zigenda zisaba guhangana n’ubushyuhe bukabije. Mugihe impungenge z’ibidukikije zikomeje kwiyongera, Teflon ihindagurika mu gutanga ibisubizo birambye kandi bitangiza ibidukikije bizaba ku isonga mu iterambere ry’ejo hazaza.
Iyo dutekereje ku rugendo rwa Teflon, kuva muri laboratoire kugera mu ngo zacu no mu nganda, biragaragara ko ingaruka zayo ari nyinshi kandi ziramba. Amakuru ashyigikira igitekerezo cyuko inkuru ya Teflon iri kure cyane; ninkuru yo guhanga udushya, guhuza n'imihindagurikire, hamwe n'ubushobozi butagira imipaka. Buri munsi, Teflon ikomeje gusobanura ibishoboka, itungisha ubuzima n'inganda muburyo tutari twigeze dutekereza.
