Wannan labarin yayi nazari akan tasirin sarrafa tashin hankali na yanar gizo yayin rufin teflon mai zafin jiki mai zafi akan PTFE substrate flatness da m shafi uniformity. Tasiri kan flatness na substrate: tashin hankali wuce iyaka na roba yana haifar da shimfidar filastik da ba za a iya jurewa ba (tsawon tsayin tsayi, kunkuntar mai jujjuyawa), yana haifar da slackness, wrinkles da alamu wavy; PTFE creep a karkashin ci gaba da tashin hankali ya zama 'daskararre' bayan sanyaya, haifar da rashin daidaituwa a saman; Rashin daidaituwar tashin hankali daga rashin daidaiton abin nadi yana haifar da dunƙule gefuna, kumburin tsakiya, da matsi-sako da alamun lokaci-lokaci.

Wannan labarin yana nazarin canje-canjen tsarin a cikin masana'anta mai zafin jiki na PTFE yayin tsufa. Hudu al'amurran: PTFE shafi microstructure - kwayoyin sarkar scission da hadawan abu da iskar shaka (carbonyl/carboxyl kungiyar samuwar), crystallinity canje-canje (farkon tashi sa'an nan rushewa), micro-crack da pinhole samuwar, surface powdering; Gilashin fiber substrate da dubawa - sizing / hada guda biyu wakili bazuwar haifar da asarar bonding, interfacial debonding da delamination (blistering, fari yankunan), gilashin fiber cibiyar sadarwa yashwa da embrittlement, alkali karfe oxide hazo haddasa danniya lalata; Tsarin macroscopic da bayyanar - canjin launi (fari → beige → launin ruwan kasa → baƙar fata), raguwar nakasawa da curling, roughening surface da hasara mai sheki, powdering akan taɓawa, cikakkiyar asarar sassauci. Mahimmancin tsufa: tsarin ci gaba na 'lalata rufin asiri → gazawar dubawa → lalatawar substrate.'

Wannan labarin ya shafi yadda ake sarrafa sintering lokaci na PTFE high-zazzabi masana'anta. Hanyar sarrafawa mai mahimmanci: daidaita saurin layi. Lokacin sintering = ingantaccen sashin dumama tsayin masana'anta gudun tafiya. Ingantacciyar madaidaicin madaidaicin ƙofa shine 350 ° C (sama da wannan zafin jiki ana ƙididdige shi azaman lokacin juyewa). Multi-zone zazzabi rarraba: preheating (100-250 ° C), sintering (360-395 ° C), high-zazzabi saitin (380-390 ° C), sanyaya (a kasa 300 ° C). Lokacin magana a 380-390°C: nauyi (0.08-0.13mm) 30-60 seconds; misali (0.18-0.25mm) 1.5-3 minti; nauyi (≥0.35mm) 3-5 mintuna. Ganewa da daidaitawa: Ƙarƙashin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfi (ƙananan ƙarfi, zubar da foda, ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta) → rage gudu don tsawaita lokaci; over-sintering (yellowing, brittleness, farin hayaki) → ƙara gudun don rage zama. Daidaitan lokacin zafi yana ba da damar saurin saurin zafi (395-405°C, daƙiƙa) ko jinkirin jinkirin zafi (360-375°C, mintuna 5-8).

Wannan labarin ya bayyana yanayin canji a cikin ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa na PTFE babban zafin jiki na tef ɗin mannewa bayan babban zafin jiki. Tsarin matakai uku: Matakin tasowa bayan warkewa (farkon yanayin zafi mai zafi a 200-260 ° C, ƙungiyoyin da suka rage suna ci gaba da ƙetare, haɗin kai yana ƙaruwa sosai); Matakan daidaita daidaito (hanyoyin haɗin kai sun ƙare, haɗin kai ya kasance karko na dogon lokaci); Lalacewa da raguwar mataki (yawan lokaci/zazzabi yana haifar da ɓarna babban sarkar, haɗin kai yana raguwa, manne yana laushi kuma ya zama tacky). Abubuwan da ke haifar da gazawar haɗin gwiwa (tsagewar ciki ta bar ragowar) da matsi (sanyi ya kwarara daga gefuna saboda raguwar modul).

Wannan labarin yayi cikakken bayani game da aikace-aikacen Teflon masana'anta mai zafin jiki a cikin masana'antar makamashin hasken rana. Core aikace-aikace a cikin lamination module: saki masana'anta sanya a sama / kasa PV kayayyaki hana narkakkar EVA (140-150 ° C) adhering zuwa dumama farantin ko roba farantin, kayan aiki kariya da kuma tabbatar da santsi module saman; Laminator conveyor belts don saukewa / saukewa ta atomatik; roba platen kariyar masana'anta mika rayuwar sabis. Siyar da kirtani ta salula: bel ɗin na'ura mai ɗauke da sel da kintinkiri ta yankin dumama, tare da juriya mara tsayin daka da fashewar solder; dumama matashin dandali domin soldering workstations. Ƙunƙarar zafi mai zafi: nannade don bututun dumama, thermocouples, igiyoyi a cikin laminators da tanda; kayan aiki thermal rufi labule da garkuwa.

Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi matakan pretreatment da ake buƙata don masana'anta fiberglass kafin PTFE emulsion impregnation. Mataki na 1: Jiyya na zafi / dewaxing a 300-450 ° C don cire gaba daya paraffin kakin zuma da mai daga fiber surface (paraffin wax, sitaci Derivatives), ragowar sikelin abun ciki da ake bukata a kasa 0.2%, samar da 'zafi-dewaxed masana'anta.' Mataki 2: Surface sinadaran magani - aikace-aikace na silane coupling agents, KH-5550s (KH-550) samar da fim ɗin haɗin gwiwar sinadarai akan fiber surface, kunna gadar kwayoyin halitta tsakanin inorganic gilashin zaruruwa da Organic PTFE; Yadudduka da aka riga aka yi magani na kasuwanci na iya tsallake wannan matakin amma dole ne a tabbatar da su. Mataki na 3: bushewa da preheating - bushewa a 80-120 ° C na tsawon sa'o'i 1-2 don rage yawan danshi a ƙasa da 0.1%, hana kumfa/rauni samu yayin warkewa.

Wannan labarin yana gabatar da hanyoyin da za a inganta juriya mai raɗaɗi da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci na babban tef ɗin zafi mai zafi na Teflon. Dabarun sun haɗa da: Ƙwararrun hanyoyin sadarwa na ƙwayoyin cuta - babban MQ resin/gum rabo na MQ (1.2: 1-2: 1) yana samar da yankuna masu wuyar gaske; haɗa ƙungiyoyin phenyl (20-30 mol%) yana hana motsin sarkar; crosslink nauyin nauyin sarrafawa a 5,000-15,000 g / mol; Gradient modules multilayer m tsarin - primer-anchoring Layer (1-3μm) tare da silane hada guda biyu wakili, high-modulus cohesive Layer (30-50μm) a matsayin karfi-resistant kwarangwal, viscoelastic aiki Layer (3-8μm) ga surface wetting; Nanofillers - silica fumed (10-25 wt%) tare da gyare-gyaren saman yana haifar da jujjuyawar haɗin kai ta jiki.

Wannan labarin yana nazarin canje-canjen tsarin masana'anta na fiberglass mai rufi na PTFE a cikin mahalli masu lalata sinadarai. Rufin PTFE yana da tsayin daka sosai a yawancin kafofin watsa labarai (ciki har da aqua regia, acid mai daɗaɗɗa, abubuwan kaushi na halitta) - sarƙoƙin ƙwayoyin cuta sun kasance kusan ba su canzawa. Banbance-banbance: karafa na alkali da aka narkar da su suna fitar da sinadarin fluorine da ke haifar da carbonization (launin ruwan kasa/baki, gaggautsa); magunguna masu ƙarfi (F₂, ClF₃) karya kashin bayan carbon-carbon; wasu kaushi-nau'in Freon suna haifar da kumburi; zafi mai daɗaɗɗa oxidizing acid sannu a hankali suna gabatar da ƙungiyoyin polar a saman.

Wannan labarin ya ba da cikakken bayani game da aikace-aikacen masana'anta na fiberglass mai rufi na PTFE a cikin masana'antar lantarki da lantarki. Manyan wurare guda shida: Babban zafin jiki da kariya - motar tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin juyawa / ramuka / rufin lokaci, rufin rufin wutan lantarki, naɗaɗɗen murɗa, keɓe kayan aikin dumama lantarki; Copper-clad laminate da PCB masana'antu - saki zane a PCB lamination, prepreg da CCL mai tsabta isarwa; Sayar da Lantarki - Sayar da abin rufe fuska don igiyar ruwa/sake fitarwa (kariyar yatsa na zinari), bel ɗin jigilar tanda, walda kayan aiki, murfin kariyar bindiga mai zafi; Kebul da kayan aikin wayoyi - tef ɗin naɗaɗɗen zafin jiki mai zafi, riguna masu zafi da murfin wuta, ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa ɗumbin bututun sarrafa bel ɗin jigilar kayayyaki; Anti-static and cleanroom — bel mai ɗaukar ɗaki mai tsafta da tabarmi na wurin aiki, semiconductor da isar da zafi mai zafi.

Wannan labarin yana gabatar da hanyoyin kimantawa don hanawa da sauƙin tsaftacewa na masana'anta na fiberglass mai rufi na PTFE akan tabo mai da ƙura. Hanyoyi sun haɗa da: kusurwar lamba da gwajin makamashi na saman - kusurwar lamba ta ruwa yawanci> 110 °, kusurwar mirgina 越小越好, makamashin saman da ya dace 18-20 mN/m; Gwajin kwasfa na injiniya - ƙarfin kwasfa 180 ° tare da daidaitaccen tef, manufa <0.1 N/25 mm; Gwaje-gwajen juriya na mai da aka kwaikwaya - hanyar zamewar mai tabo / sauran hanya, ingantaccen gogewar gogewa mai ƙima ta amfani da ma'aunin launi na ΔE (ƙananan ΔE = mafi kyawun tsaftacewa), da gwajin alamar mai mai sauri (tashin tawada yana nuna kyakkyawan rigakafin lalata); Gwajin ƙurar ƙura - Hanyar daidaita ƙura tare da nazarin hoto, cire ƙurar iska mai aunawa mafi ƙarancin saurin busa, da ƙimar tallan lantarki ta hanyar juriya na sama; Ƙimar ɗorewa - maimaita duk gwaje-gwaje bayan tsufa mai zafi (260°C/300°C) ko lalatawar Taber don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci.