Wannan labarin maida hankali ne akan aikace-aikace na PTFE high-zazzabi masana'anta a carbon fiber lebur composite kayayyakin. Matsi gyare-gyare: sanya tsakanin kyawon tsayuwa da prepregs hana epoxy resin adhesion, kunna sauƙi rushewa; sandwiched tsakanin ɓangarorin bakin ciki da yawa don guje wa mannewa juna. Vacuum jakar gyare-gyare: fim ɗin sake amfani da shi tsakanin prepreg da zane mai numfashi, ƙyale iskar gas / guduro yayin da ke ba da sauƙin kwasfa bayan warkewa; gefen textured yana canja wuri mai kyau na launi don inganta haɓakar haɗin gwiwa, kawar da sanding. Ci gaba da samarwa: bel ɗin jigilar kaya maras sumul yana ɗaukar prepregs ta wuraren dumama / latsawa; matashin matashin kai yana rarraba matsa lamba daidai gwargwado yana rage indentations na gida.

Wannan labarin yayi nazarin yiwuwar maganin harshen wuta don gyare-gyaren PTFE kuma yana kwatanta tasiri tare da corona da maganin plasma. Yiwuwa: harshen wuta na iya canza PTFE amma da wuya a yi amfani da shi a masana'antu - haɗarin aminci (PTFE yana lalata sakin HF mai guba da perfluoroisobutylene); iyakantaccen aiki (makamashi na sama kawai 30-35 mN/m, yana samar da layin iyaka mai rauni). Hanyoyin aiki: harshen wuta - iskar shaka mai zafi mai zafi (> 1000 ° C), ƙananan etching, ƙananan ƙungiyoyin oxygen; korona - Babban fitarwar wutar lantarki yana haifar da ozone / oxygen mai aiki, iskar oxygen mai laushi, ƙarancin ƙarfin kuzari ba zai iya karya shaidun CF ba; Plasma - ƙwayoyin makamashi masu ƙarfi / electrons / radicals masu kyauta kai tsaye suna raba CF bonds da ƙungiyoyin polar graft (hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino).

Wannan labarin yana kwatanta daidaito na hanyoyin gwajin digiri uku don mannen matsi na silicone. Harshen hakar mai narkewa (abincin gel) yana auna juzu'in cibiyar sadarwa mara narkewa ta hanyar hakar Soxhlet - ƙididdige ƙima saboda ɓangarorin ruɗewa ta jiki kuskure azaman hanyar haɗin kai, daidaitaccen ± 2-5%, daidaiton sinadarai mafi ƙasƙanci. DSC tana auna yanayin zafi mai zafi (α = 1-ΔHresidual / ΔHtotal) - abin dogara a ƙananan juzu'i zuwa matsakaici amma ƙima a babban juzu'i saboda raguwa-iyakancin ragowar ƙungiyoyi, maimaitawa <± 2%.

Wannan labarin ya shafi yadda za a dace shafi na'ura line gudun da tanda tsawon don tabbatar organosilicone m kai manufa curing digiri ga high-zazzabi PTFE tef. Ƙa'idar da ta dace da mahimmanci: jimlar lokacin zama t_total = ingantaccen tsawon tanda L ÷ saurin layin v dole ne ya zama ƙasa da mafi ƙarancin lokacin magani. Sami halayen magani ta hanyar DSC ko gwaje-gwajen warkarwa na manne da ke kafa dangantaka 'zazzabi - mafi ƙarancin lokacin magani'. Daidaitaccen samfurin magani: raba tanda zuwa yankuna, ƙididdige ti=Li/v da tcure(Ti), tabbatar ∑(ti/tcure(Ti)) ≥1. Hanyoyin ƙididdiga: saita yankunan zafin jiki tare da tsayin Li da yanayin zafi Ti; saita saurin layi v, ƙididdige lokacin zaman kowane yanki da rabon gudummawa; sake maimaita har zuwa jimlar ≥1 (shawarar iyakar tsaro 1.1-1.2).

Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi ayyukan PTFE a cikin rufin rufin zafi don injunan makamai masu linzami. Hanyoyi guda hudu: Bazuwar Endothermic - PTFE depolymerizes a ~ 400 ° C zuwa tetrafluoroethylene (mafi yawan endothermic, ~ 3,000 ° C konewar iskar gas), ɗaukar zafi mai yawa da kuma fitar da makamashin thermal daga bangon bango. Na'urar sanyaya mai sanyaya da murfin fim ɗin gas - iskar gas (tetrafluoroethylene) ta shiga waje ta hanyar ƙananan pores, cire zafi mai zafi; Fim ɗin iskar gas mai gudana yana ware iskar gas mai zafi mai zafi daga bango, rage saurin zafi na kusa da bango ta> 50%; Fim ɗin iskar gas yana canza iyakar Layer gudu/zazzabi, yana rage ɓarnar ɓarna.

Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi tasirin illolin gamma-ray akan tsari da kaddarorin PTFE. Canje-canjen tsarin sinadarai: haskoki gamma suna karya manyan sarƙoƙi na CC da sarƙoƙin gefe na CF (G-darajar 3.0-3.5), yana haifar da ƙaƙƙarfan sarƙoƙi da faɗuwar nauyin kwayoyin halitta; a cikin iskar oxygen, radicals masu kyauta suna samar da peroxy radicals suna gabatar da acyl fluoride da ƙungiyoyin ƙarshe na carboxylic acid (hydrolyzing zuwa HF). Tsarin tsari yana canzawa: crystallinity yana tasowa da farko (ƙananan kashi, gajeriyar sarƙoƙi sake tsarawa) sannan ya faɗi (mafi girman kashi, lahani ya rushe lu'ulu'u); lu'ulu'u lu'ulu'u sun rabu cikin ƙananan kristal tare da bacewar tsari mai tsayi. Lalacewar dukiya: elongation a raguwa ya ragu daga 0.1 kGy a cikin iska, rasa> 90% a ~ 1kGy - abu ya zama m da gaggautsa; Matsayin narkewa yana sauka daga 327 ° C zuwa ƙasa da 310 ° C; Ƙungiyoyin polar sun ɗan ɗaga dielectric akai-akai / asara; saman yana canzawa daga fari zuwa launin toka/baki tare da hasara mai sheki.

Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi hanyoyin da za a sarrafa crystallinity na PTFE shafi a kan Teflon high-zazzabi zane. Tsarin sanyaya yawan ƙa'ida shine mafi kai tsaye kuma mai tasiri: Saurin sanyaya (quenching) ta hanyar labulen iska mai sanyi, sanyaya rollers ko tankunan ruwa - sarƙoƙin ƙwayoyin cuta suna daskare kafin tsari, suna ƙirƙirar ƙananan lu'ulu'u marasa kyau; shafi yana da taushi, mai tauri tare da ingantacciyar aikin da ba na sanda ba, dan kadan rage taurin / juriya. Jinkirin sanyaya (annealing) ta hanyar adana zafi a 10-50 ° C / h ko sanyaya tanderu - sarƙoƙi na ƙwayoyin cuta sun shirya gabaɗaya cikin manyan spherulites; shafi yana da high taurin, fice lalacewa juriya, barga girma dabam, rage sassauci da kuma ƙara brittleness.

Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi aikace-aikacen Teflon mai zafi mai zafi a cikin tanda mai zafi mai zafi. Yiwuwa: ana iya amfani da shi azaman matashin mara sanda akan bel ɗin raga ko trays lokacin da zafin wuta ≤260 ° C ( bushewar ƙarancin zafin jiki, cirewar ɗaure, slurry curing) - yana inganta rushewa da ɗaukar inganci. An haramta shi sosai a matsakaici / yanayin zafi (300-950 ° C) - PTFE yana lalata sakin HF mai guba da perfluoroisobutylene, lalata kayan aiki da haifar da guba mai mutuwa. Ka'idar aminci: idan zafin tanderu ba a bayyana ba ko ba za a iya garantin ƙasa da 260 ° C ba, kar a yi amfani da shi. Mahimman abubuwa: ci gaba da sabis -70 ° C zuwa 260 ° C, gajeren lokaci 300 ° C; matsanancin rashin sanda da sinadarai; kyakkyawan rufin lantarki; ƙananan juzu'i (~ 0.04); Gilashin fiberlass tushe yana ba da ƙarfin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi.

Wannan labarin ya kwatanta bambance-bambance tsakanin infrared radiation dumama da zafi-iska wurare dabam dabam dumama curing hanyoyin a crosslinked tsarin uniformity na silicone m yadudduka. Hanyoyin canja wurin zafi: iska mai zafi ya dogara da convection-convection tare da haɓakar zafin jiki mai laushi, ƙananan ƙananan zafin jiki na ciki / waje; IR yana da ƙayyadaddun zurfin shigar ciki tare da ƙaƙƙarfan shayar da ƙasa (dubun zuwa ɗaruruwan micrometers) ƙirƙirar gradient mai zurfi-zuwa-ciki. Tasiri kan daidaituwar haɗin kai: iska mai zafi yana ba da damar yin aiki tare tare da ciki da waje tare da madaidaicin haɗin giciye; IR yana haifar da shimfidar shimfidar wuri don samar da fim mai yawa 'fim ɗin fata' da sauri wanda ke hana tafiyar da zafi da motsin sarkar ciki, yana haifar da ƙarancin haɗin kai yana raguwa daga saman zuwa ciki.

Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi kewayon saurin layin na yau da kullun don layin samar da yanayin zafi mai zafi na Teflon. Matsakaicin saurin: samfuran bakin ciki na al'ada (0.08-0.30mm) a 0.5-3 m / min, barga a 1-3 m / min; lokacin farin ciki / samfurori masu yawa (≥0.4mm) a 0.3-1 m / min; Layukan inganci tare da dogon tanda na iya kaiwa 3-6 m / min amma kayan aiki masu buƙata. Matsalolin tsari: bushewa da sintering na buƙatar lokacin zama (PTFE yana buƙatar 1-3 min a 380-400 ° C; rashin isa ya haifar da rashin daidaituwa / fashewa); Ana ƙayyade saurin ta mafi ƙarancin bushewa/lokacin ɓacin rai ƙarƙashin ƙayyadadden tsayin tanda. Matsalolin kayan aiki: manyan daskararru / tarwatsewar danko suna shiga sannu a hankali; Yadudduka masu kauri / masu yawa suna sha ruwa kuma suna canja wurin zafi a hankali; faffadan yadudduka masu saurin kamuwa da bambance-bambancen launi na tsaka-tsaki da ke buƙatar rage saurin gudu. Kayan aiki da ingancin ciniki-offs: dogayen tanda mai yankuna da yawa suna ba da damar saurin sauri.