Ikhuseleke kangakanani iTeflon kwilaphu?

Njengabathengi, sihlala sikhangela iimveliso eziphucula umgangatho wobomi bethu. Olunye ulutsha olunjalo kukusebenzisa iTeflon kumalaphu, abhiyozelwa ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokungaxhathisi amabala kwaye isetyenziswa njengesikhuseli selaphu. Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo uhlala uphakama: 'Ikhuselekile kangakanani iTeflon emalaphuni?' Makhe sihlolisise lo mxholo nzulu.

Ngaphantsi kwesibhakabhaka esikhanyayo, abapakishi, abakhweli, kunye nabasebenzi basemkhosini ngokufanayo baye bathembela kwiqhawe elifihliweyo lokukhusela kwizinto: i-PTFE cloth. Eli laphu limangalisayo, elibhiyozelwa ngokungangqamani namanzi, ukuphefumla, nokumelana namabala, ioyile, kunye nemichiza, liye lakhusela buthule intaphane yabantu abahambahambayo kwiindawo ezinobunzima kunye nemozulu.

Noko ke, asiyiyo yonke into ekhazimlayo eyigolide. Ngo-2019, ifilimu enesihloko esithi 'Amanzi Amnyama' yapeyinta eli qhawe ngokukhanya okubi ngakumbi, ityhila ubungozi obunokubakho phantsi kwe-sheen yokukhusela. Amathandabuzo kunye neenkxalabo zazalisa uluntu, uninzi lwazo lwaqala ukuthandabuza ukhuseleko lokunikela ngeempahla ezenziwe ngalo mbandela. I-Arhente ye-International Carcinogen Agency kamva yachaza i-PTFE njenge-carcinogen yodidi lwe-2B, udidi olusebeza ngeengozi ezinokuthi zibe khona kodwa ayithethi.

Namhlanje, siqala ukukhangela eyethu: ukutyhila iinyaniso ngasemva kwe-facade ecwebezelayo yeTeflon kunye nokumisela, kube kanye, ukuba lo mgcini wezinto ezinkulu zangaphandle ukhuselekile njengoko ibango lelifa lakhe.

I-Teflon: Intshayelelo

I-Teflon ligama lohlobo lwepolymer eyaziwa ngokuba yi-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Yimathiriyeli eqhelekileyo eyaziwayo ngokusetyenziswa kwayo kwiipani ezingakhuni, kwaye kushishino lwamalaphu, iTeflon isetyenziswa kakhulu ukwenza amalaphu angamanzi kwaye anganyangeki.

Kwilebhu yaseDuPont eUnited States, ngo-1938, uGqr. Roy Plunkett wafumana into awayengayilindelanga. Kwavela into ecolekileyo engumgubo, eyathi kamva yabizwa ngokuba yiTeflon. Le ngubo yeTeflon, ebizwa ngokusemthethweni ebizwa ngokuba yi-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ijongeka ingazithembi. Kodwa inkangeleko inokukhohlisa.

I-Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, ngokwenyani yayo, iqhayisa ngesakhiwo esikhethekileyo. I-polymer yayo iqulethe i-carbon kunye ne-fluorine, okukhokelela kwi-inertia yayo yeekhemikhali ephawulekayo. Ngokulula nje, oku kuthetha ukuba ayidibani kakuhle neekhemikhali ezonakalisayo. Kunoko, imile iqinile, iyala ukusabela okanye ukugqwala.

Omnye unokubuza, 'Kutheni le nto ibalulekile?' Nantsi apho ikhanya khona. Kwihlabathi elizaliswe zizinto ezincamathelayo, ezincamathelayo, okanye ezincamathelayo, iTeflon ihleli ingakhathali. Lo mlinganiswa ungabambekiyo, udityaniswe nenye yezona zinto zisezantsi zokukhuhlana, yenza ukuba ilungele i-cookware eqatywe. Ke, xa uqhotsa loo maqanda asekuseni, ayatyibilika ngaphandle kwepani.

Nangona kunjalo, ukufaneleka kweTeflon akupheleli nje ekhitshini. Ngenxa yokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, imizi-mveliso kuluhlu olubanzi luyisebenzisela ubushushu obuphezulu. Enyanisweni, ukuxhathisa kwayo kukutya kuyenza ibe yintandokazi yokugcina eyona khemikhali inamandla.

Ngaphezu koko, xa ubamba umphezulu weTeflon, uziva umtyibilizi, ngenxa yesakhiwo sawo esihle. Kwiisethingi zombane, iipropati zayo zokukhusela zixabiswa, zikhusela iisekethe kunye nezixhobo ezivela ekuhambeni kombane okungafunekiyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ingqekembe nganye inamacala amabini. Xa iphantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu, i-PTFE coated cookware inokukhupha umsi wepolymer. Kunqabile, kodwa le misi ingakhokelela 'kwi-polymer fume fever' ebantwini, imeko ekhumbuza umkhuhlane. Abahlobo bethu abanentsiba, iintaka ezifuywayo, zinokuchaphazeleka ngakumbi kule miphunga yepolymer.

Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, esinye isithunzi siyahamba: ukusetyenziswa kwe-perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Inxulunyaniswa neenkxalabo zempilo yexesha elide, ingxoxo malunga nokhuseleko lwayo yaba nzulu. Ukuthobela ezi nkxalabo, abavelisi baseUnited States bagqiba ekubeni bakhuphe iPFOA kwinkqubo.

Ukuqukumbela, intsomi kaTeflon yenye yezinto ezintsha kunye nokuguquguquka. Ukusuka ekufumaneni kwayo ngengozi ukuya kusetyenziso lwayo olubanzi, uhambo lwayo lugxininisa kokubini okunokwenzeka kunye nemigibe yemathiriyeli yanamhlanje. Njengazo zonke izinto, ngelixa ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezinkulu, kuxhomekeke kuthi ukuyisebenzisa ngobulumko.

Ukuvavanya uKhuseleko: Ukuqonda iPFOA

Kangangeminyaka, ukhuseleko lweTeflon ibe yingxoxo eshushu. Inkxalabo ephambili yayingekho malunga neTeflon (PTFE) ngokwayo kodwa malunga nekhompawundi esetyenziswa kwimveliso yayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Le nto iye yadityaniswa kwimiba eyahlukeneyo yezempilo, ibangela ukuxhalaba phakathi kwabathengi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukususela ngo-2013, ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwezempilo kunye nokusingqongileyo, abavelisi abakhulu bayeka ukusetyenziswa kwe-PFOA ekuveliseni iTeflon.

Teflon kwiFabrics Namhlanje

I-Teflon yanamhlanje esetyenziselwa amalaphu ubukhulu becala ithathwa njengekhuselekile, njengoko ingasekho i-PFOA. I-Teflon yokwambathisa sisikhuseli selaphu esomeleleyo, esinceda imathiriyeli ukuxhathisa amabala kunye nokwandisa ixesha elide lemveliso. Luphawu oluxatyiswa ngokukodwa kwizixhobo zangaphandle, i-upholstery, kunye nezinye izinto eziphantsi kokugqoka nokukrazula.

Ngaba Bukhona Nabuphi Na Umngcipheko?

Ngaphandle kokutshintshwa kwePFOA, ezinye iinkxalabo zihlala malunga nokhuseleko lweTeflon kwiilaphu. Ingxaki enkulu ivela xa izinto zifudunyezwa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu (ngaphezu kwe-600 ° F / 316 ° C), apho kunokukhupha umsi onokuba yingozi xa uphefumlelwa. Nangona kunjalo, phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa, amalaphu agqunywe ngeTeflon awafikeleli kula maqondo obushushu, nto leyo eyenza umngcipheko ungabikho ekusetyenzisweni kwemihla ngemihla.

Imbono elungeleleneyo

I-Teflon esetyenziswa kwiilaphu ikhuselekile ngokubanzi ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla. Inika izibonelelo ezininzi, kubandakanywa ukuxhathisa amabala kunye nokwandiswa kwexesha elide lelaphu. Nangona kunjalo, njengazo zonke izixhobo, ukuqonda iipropathi zazo kunye nokusetyenziswa okuchanekileyo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko. Iinkxalabo eziphakanyiswe kwixesha elidlulileyo zikhokelele kutshintsho oluyimfuneko lwemveliso, okwenza iTeflon esiyisebenzisayo namhlanje ikhuseleke kunangaphambili.

Khumbula, ukuhlala unolwazi malunga neemveliso esizisebenzisa mihla le linyathelo elibalulekileyo lokuba ngabathengi abaziyo. Njengoko siqhubeka nokuxabisa izinto ezintsha eziphucula ubomi bethu, kufuneka kwakhona sikhuthaze ukungafihli kunye nokhuseleko kuyo yonke imiba yemveliso nokusetyenziswa.