Pehea ka palekana o Teflon i nā lole?

Ma ke ʻano he mea kūʻai aku, ʻimi mau mākou i nā huahana e hoʻomaikaʻi i ko mākou ola. ʻO kekahi o ia mea hou e hoʻohana ana i ka Teflon i nā lole, i hoʻohanohano ʻia no kāna mau waiwai pale a hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he pale lole. Eia nō naʻe, e kū pinepine ana kahi nīnau: 'Pehea ka palekana o Teflon i nā lole?' E ʻimi hohonu kākou i kēia kumuhana.

Ma lalo o ka lani hōkū, ua hilinaʻi ka poʻe backpackers, nā piʻi, a me nā pūʻali koa i kahi koa huna no ka pale ʻana i nā mea: PTFE lole. ʻO kēia lole kamahaʻo, mahalo ʻia no kona ʻano like ʻole o ka wai, ka hanu, a me ke kūʻē ʻana i nā ʻili, nā aila, a me nā kemika, ua pale mālie i nā mea huakaʻi lehulehu mai nā ʻāina ʻoi loa a me ka piʻi.

Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻo nā mea ʻālohilohi wale nō ke gula. I ka makahiki 2019, ua pena ʻia kahi palapala i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Black Water' i kēia meʻe i kahi kukui ʻoi aku ka hewa, e wehe ana i nā pōʻino e hiki mai ana ma lalo o kāna pale pale. Ua piha nā kānalua a me nā hopohopo i ka lehulehu, a ua hoʻomaka ka nui o lākou e nīnau i ka palekana o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lole i hana ʻia mai kēia mea. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ka International Carcinogen Agency i ka PTFE ma ke ʻano he carcinogen Papa 2B, kahi ʻāpana e hāwanawana ana i nā pilikia e hiki mai ana akā ʻaʻole i hoʻōho paʻa.

I kēia lā, hoʻomaka mākou i kā mākou ʻimi ponoʻī: e wehe i nā ʻoiaʻiʻo ma hope o ke alo ʻālohilohi o Teflon a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana, i hoʻokahi manawa a no nā mea āpau, inā palekana kēia kahu o waho nui e like me kāna ʻōlelo hoʻoilina.

Teflon: He Hoʻolauna

He inoa inoa ʻo Teflon no kahi ʻano polymer i ʻike ʻia he polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). He mea ia i ʻike maʻamau ʻia no kona hoʻohana ʻana i nā pā nonstick, a ma ka ʻoihana textile, hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Teflon e hana i nā lole i ka wai a me ka pale-pale.

Ma kahi keʻena hana ma DuPont ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, 1938, ua hāʻule ʻo Kauka Roy Plunkett i kahi mea i manaʻo ʻole ʻia. ʻO ka mea i puka mai he mea pauda maikaʻi, ma hope i kapa ʻia ʻo Teflon. ʻO kēia uhi Teflon, i kapa inoa ʻia he polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia. Akā hiki ke hoʻopunipuni nā hiʻohiʻona.

ʻO Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, ma kona ʻano, ke kaena nei i kahi ʻano kūʻokoʻa. ʻO kāna polymer he kalapona a me ka fluorine, ka hopena i kona inersia kemika kupaianaha. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻaʻole ia e hui maikaʻi me nā kemika corrosive. Akā, kū paʻa ia, hōʻole i ka hana ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻino.

Nīnau paha kekahi, 'No ke aha ia mea?' Eia kahi e ʻālohilohi ai. I loko o kahi honua i piha i nā mea e pili ana, paʻa, a paʻa paha, mālama ʻole ʻo Teflon. ʻO kēia ʻano lāʻau lāʻau ʻole, i hui pū ʻia me kekahi o nā coefficient haʻahaʻa o ka friction, kūpono ia no nā mea kuke i uhi ʻia. No laila, ke hoʻomoʻa ʻoe i kēlā mau hua kakahiaka, paheʻe lākou mai ka pā.

Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa wale ʻia nā pono o Teflon i ka lumi kuke. Hāʻawi ʻia i kona kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, hoʻohana nā ʻoihana ma kahi ākea no nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kona pale ʻana i ka corrosion e lilo ia i mea punahele no ka mālama ʻana i kekahi o nā kemika ʻoi loa.

Eia kekahi, ke hoʻopā ʻoe i kahi ʻili Teflon, manaʻo ia he pahee, no kona ʻano maikaʻi. I nā hoʻonohonoho uila, mālama ʻia kāna mau waiwai insulating, e pale ana i nā kaapuni a me nā mea hana mai nā kahe uila makemake ʻole.

Eia naʻe, ʻelua ʻaoʻao kēlā me kēia kālā. Ke hoʻokau ʻia i ka wela kiʻekiʻe loa, hiki i nā mea kuke i uhi ʻia ʻo PTFE ke hoʻokuʻu i ka uahi polymer. He mea kakaikahi, akā hiki i kēia mau mahu ke alakaʻi i ka 'polymer fume fever' i loko o ke kanaka, kahi maʻi e hoʻomanaʻo nei i ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO kā mākou mau hoa hulu manu, nā manu pipi, hiki ke maʻalahi i kēia mau hū polimer.

I loko o kāna kaʻina hana, ʻike ʻia kekahi aka: ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Hoʻopili ʻia me nā hopohopo olakino lōʻihi, ua ikaika ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana no kona palekana. Ke hoʻolohe nei i kēia mau hopohopo, ua hoʻoholo nā mea hana ma ʻAmelika e hoʻopau i ka PFOA mai ke kaʻina hana.

I ka hopena, ʻo ka moʻolelo a Teflon kekahi o ka hana hou a me ka hoʻololi. Mai kona ʻike ʻole ʻia a hiki i kona hoʻohana nui ʻana, hōʻike ʻia kāna huakaʻi i ka hiki a me nā pitfalls o nā mea hou. E like me nā mea āpau, ʻoiai hāʻawi ia i nā pōmaikaʻi nui, aia iā mākou e hoʻohana me ke akamai.

Ka Loiloi ana i ka Palekana: Ka hoomaopopo ana i ka PFOA

No nā makahiki, ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui ʻia ka palekana o Teflon. ʻAʻole ka manaʻo nui e pili ana iā Teflon (PTFE) ponoʻī akā e pili ana i kahi pūhui i hoʻohana ʻia i kāna hana i kapa ʻia ʻo perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Ua hoʻopili ʻia kēia mea i nā pilikia olakino like ʻole, ke kumu o ka hopohopo i waena o nā mea kūʻai. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui ia e hoʻomaopopo i ka makahiki 2013, ma muli o nā pilikia olakino a me ke kaiapuni, ua kāpae nā mea hana nui i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka PFOA i ka hana ʻana o Teflon.

ʻO Teflon i nā lole i kēia lā

ʻO ka Teflon o kēia lā i hoʻohana ʻia i nā lole i manaʻo nui ʻia he palekana, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe ona PFOA. ʻO ka uhi ʻana o Teflon he pale lole paʻa, kōkua i nā mea kūʻē i nā ʻili a hoʻolōʻihi i ka lōʻihi o ka huahana. He hiʻohiʻona i mahalo nui ʻia i nā lako waho, upholstery, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka lole a me ka waimaka.

Aia kekahi mau pilikia?

ʻOiai ka neʻe ʻana mai ka PFOA, ke kau nei kekahi mau hopohopo e pili ana i ka palekana o Teflon i nā lole. Hiki mai ka pilikia nui ke hoʻomehana ʻia ka mea i nā wela kiʻekiʻe loa (ʻoi aku ma mua o 600°F/316°C), ma ia manawa hiki ke hoʻokuʻu i nā uahi hiki ke hoʻopōʻino inā inhaled. Eia nō naʻe, ma lalo o nā kūlana hoʻohana maʻamau, ʻaʻole hiki i nā lole i uhi ʻia me Teflon i kēia mau mahana, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka pilikia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā.

He Manaʻo Kaulike

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Teflon i nā lole palekana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā. Hāʻawi ia i nā pōmaikaʻi he nui, me ka pale ʻana i ka stain a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka lōʻihi o ka lole. Eia nō naʻe, e like me nā mea āpau, ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kā lākou mau waiwai a me ka hoʻohana pono ʻana he mea koʻikoʻi ia e hōʻoia i ka palekana. ʻO nā hopohopo i hāpai ʻia i ka wā ma mua ua alakaʻi i nā loli hana koʻikoʻi, e ʻoi aku ka palekana o ka Teflon a mākou e hoʻohana nei i kēia lā.

E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ka noho ʻana i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā huahana a mākou e hoʻohana ai i kēlā me kēia lā he hana koʻikoʻi ia i ka lilo ʻana i mea kūʻai. Ke hoʻomau nei mākou i ka waiwai i nā mea hou e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ko mākou ola, pono mākou e lanakila i ka ʻike a me ka palekana ma nā ʻano āpau o ka hana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana.