I ka makahiki 1997, ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi mahiʻai i kūkulu ʻia ma Changping District, Beijing, i hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kūkulu ʻia me kahi hale membrane ETFE. Ua hoʻomaka kāna mea uhi e hoʻohana i ke kiʻi ETFE. Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ke kanu ʻana i nā melons Japanese reticulated, strawberries, nā bele kala, etc.
Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana i loko o nā hale nui, e like me ka Pūnana Manu a me ka Water Cube, ke kahua nui no nā pāʻani ʻOlumepika Beijing 2008, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ETFE i ka mahiʻai. Ma waho aʻe o nā holoholona a me ka hānau ʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā greenhouses. E ulu i nā pua, nā mea kanu a me nā hua i loko o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
ʻElua ʻano nui o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kūkulu ʻia me nā hale membrane ETFE.
Ke hoʻohana nei ka māla hua lāʻau ʻo Aarhus ma Denemaka i ka ʻōnaehana membrane pillow ea ETFE no ke kūkulu ʻana i hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻo ia ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo hōʻailona aupuni o Denmark. Hoʻopili ʻia ke ʻano o ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma o ka helu ʻana i mea e loaʻa ai ke kihi hanana o ka lā maikaʻi loa i ka hoʻoilo a ʻoi aku hoʻi i ke kauwela. Hoʻopiha ʻia nā ʻano mea kanu ʻoluʻolu, nā kumulāʻau a me nā pua i ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo oval me kahi dome akaka.
Ua kūkulu ʻia ʻo Eden Greenhouse ma UK i ka makahiki 2001 a ʻo ia ka hale kūkulu membrane ETFE nui loa i kūkulu ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ETFE ma ka honua i kēlā manawa. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā mea kanu āpau o ka honua, ʻoi aku ma mua o 4,500 mau ʻano a me 134,000 pua a me nā kumulāʻau, ua haku ʻia ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ʻehā mau hale i hoʻopili ʻia me ke ʻano dome, i uhi ʻia me ka uhi ʻana o ka membrane aniani i hana ʻia me ETFE.
Ke hoʻomau ʻia nei nā manaʻo o ka mālama ʻana i ka kaiaola a me ka hoʻomohala hoʻomau i loko o ka puʻuwai o nā kānaka, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nānā ʻana i ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu laha. ʻO ka puka ʻana mai o nā māla botanical membrane ETFE ua pale maikaʻi i ka pono ola o nā mea kanu laha.
Ma ke ʻano o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo mahiʻai, hāʻawi nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni ETFE i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo no ke kanu ʻana i ka mahiʻai. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka fiber optical permeability piha, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea kanu i ka infrared absorption, offsets haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka pō, a kūpono i ka ulu ʻana. Ma Iapana, aneane pau nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hoʻohana iā ia.
No ke aha i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ai ka ETFE e kūkulu i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo?
ʻO ka mea nui ma muli o kāna transmittance māmā maikaʻi. Hiki ke piʻi aku ka māmā māmā o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ETFE ma mua o 94%, e like me ka mālamalama i loko o ka hale e like me waho, e hāʻawi ana i nā kūlana kukui maikaʻi no nā mea kanu. Pono ke kukui kūlohelohe piha no ke olakino o ka mea kanu, no laila e mālama pono i nā mea kanu a me ka olakino, e hoʻonui i ka hua a me ka maikaʻi o nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai, a hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai, hoʻemi i nā kumukūʻai a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono.
ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola lawelawe. ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi o nā mea ETFE (25-30 mau makahiki) mālama i nā kumukūʻai waiwai a hōʻemi i nā koina hana no ka mea ʻaʻole koi ʻia ka hana hou ʻana, e hoʻonui nui ana i ka hua o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo horticultural ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka kaiapuni o loko.
ʻO ka mahiʻai ke kumu o ka ʻāina a me ke kumu e ola ai nā kānaka. Ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka mahiʻai hou, hiki i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke pale pono i nā mea kanu i loko me ka hāʻawi ʻana iā lākou i ka lā a me ka wela e pono ai no ka ulu ʻana. Loaʻa nā mea waiwai ETFE i hiki ʻole ke hoʻohālikelike i nā mea ʻē aʻe.
