Lapi ra fiberglass leri andlariweke (bulked yarn fabric) rihambana swinene na lapi ra ntolovelo ra fiberglass eka xivumbeko xa yarn. Hiku tirhisa vutshunguri bya high-pressure air jet, ti filaments ta nghilazi leti yaka emahlweni ta hambanisiwa, ti crimped, naswona ti fluffed kuva voluminous, cotton-like yarn. Leswi swiendla leswaku kuva na lapi ro tiya, ro olova leringana thermal insulation yale henhla (trapped air layers), conformability yo antswa, higher filtration efficiency, xikan’we naku antswisiwa ka tear/flex resistance – hiku durha ka matimba yale hansi nyana ya tensile. Yi tirhisiwa eka ti gasket ta mahiselo yale henhla, swifunengeto swa tiphayiphi, swikhwama swo sefa na swipfalo swa oven.

PTFE high-temperature fabric (PTFE-coated fiberglass) yile kusuhi naku pfumala ti khemikhali, kambe swilo swokarhi swivanga ku bola ehansi ka swiyimo swokarhi. Nhlaselo wo kongoma wa PTFE wuhumelela hi tinsimbi ta alkali leti n’okiweke (sodium, potassium), switirhisiwa swo tiya swa fluorinating (F2, ClF3) eka mahiselo yale henhla, na ti alkali to tiya leti n’okiweke ehenhla ka 300°C. Ku bola lokunga kongomangiki ku humelela loko hydrofluoric acid (HF), hot concentrated alkalis, kumbe phosphoric acid yo hisa yi nghena eka swihoxo swa coating naswona yi hlasela substrate ya fiberglass. Eka vukorhokeri bya tikhemikhali byo tlula mpimo, tirhisa filimi ya PTFE yo basa leyi nga riki na fiberglass.

Lapi ra mahiselo yale henhla ya PTFE (PTFE-coated fiberglass) rina ku tiya ka kahle swinene ka thermal shock endzeni ka ndzhawu ya rona ya ntolovelo yo tirha ya -70°C kuya eka 260°C. Yikota ku tiyisela ku rhendzeleka ka mahiselo hiku hatlisa, xikombiso, ku suka eka -50°C freezer kuya eka 260°C hot press. Ti grade ta premium ti pona hambi kuri ku kufumela ka xitshuketa kusuka eka 260°C kuya eka mati ya 10°C. Hambiswiritano, ku chavisa swilo leswi kusuka eka mahiselo yale henhla ka 300°C (ekusuhi na PTFE’s 327°C melting point) swita endla leswaku kuva na ku pandzeka ka xihatla xikan’we na delamination. Substrate ya fiberglass yinyika ku tiya ka dimensional; xifunengeto xa PTFE hi xona xi sivelaka.

Lapi ra mahiselo yale henhla ra PTFE ritirhisiwa ngopfu eka indasitiri ya tikhemikhali eka switirhisiwa swa nkoka swa nkombo: ti flange gaskets nati pipe linings (yi lwisana na ti acids/alkalis to tiya), ti reactor na ti tank linings (yi sivela ku bola ka nsimbi, ku basisiwa hiku olova), ti filter bags ta corrosive flue gas (kufika eka 260°C), ti anti-corrosion expansion joints ta ti ducts, anti-adhesion ti pads to welda, lapi ro humesa ra composite molding, na swifunengeto swo pfalela gezi/ku hisa. Tigredi ta FDA na UL ta kumeka.

PTFE lapi ra mahiselo yale henhla (PTFE-coated fiberglass) rinyika swipfuno swa mune swa nkoka tani hi anti-corrosion lining: ku nga tirhi ka tikhemikhali (ku lwisana na aqua regia, ti alkalis to tiya, ti solvents), mahiselo yo anama (-70°C kuya eka 260°C kuya emahlweni, 350°C peak), ku tiya ka dimensional (<0.5% elongation), na vuandlalo lebyi nga namarheliki (ku olova ku basisa, swi sivela ku hlengeletana). Yi tirhisiwa eka tiphayiphi ta tikhemikhali, swihondzo swo susa sulphur, mathangi yo pickling, na switirhisiwa swa swakudya/pharma. Tigredi ta FDA ta kumeka.

PTFE lapi ra mahiselo yale henhla rinyika swipfuno swa tsevu swa nkoka tani hi bandi ro fambisa ro gandlisa: vuandlalo lebyi nga namarheliki (ku kandziyisa paste na inki ku humesiwa hiku basa), 260°C ku lwisana na kuhisa (ku omisa kahle), ku tiya ka dimensional (<0.5% elongation, ku tsarisiwa loku kongomeke), ku nga tirhi ka tikhemikhali (ku lwisana na ti paste leti bolaka), ku hlangana ka le hansi (ku tirha hi ndlela yo olova), na ku cinca cinca (ku tiya,, mihlovo anti-static). Yi kahle swinene eka ku kandziyisa hi xikirini, ku kandziyisa hi xidijitali, na switirhisiwa swo hundzisela ku hisa.

Anti-static PTFE high-temperature fabric yihlanganisa swihlawulekisi leswinga namarheli, leswinga tiyiselaka kuhisa (260°C), na leswinga tirhiki hi ti khemikhali swa standard PTFE na matirhelo ya static-dissipative. Switirhisiwa swa nkoka: vumaki bya elektroniki (PCB lamination, ku khoma swiphemu), PV module lamination (yi sivela ku onhaka ka ESD eka tisele ta dyambu), ku lulamisiwa ka swakudya na mirhi (ESD-safe baking liners), tipulani ta tikhemikhali (anti-corrosion, anti-static ducting), na tiindasitiri ta swiambalo/ku kandziyisa. Ku tiya ka le henhla hi ntolovelo 106–109 Ω.

Vutomi bya vukorhokeri bya lapi ra mahiselo yale henhla ya PTFE byi hambana swinene kuya hi xitirhisiwa. Tikhemikhali ta anti-corrosion lining tinga tshama 3+ wa malembe (4x yo leha kutlula rhaba). Titreyi to baka swakudya ti heta tinhweti tinga onhaki ngopfu. Mabandhi yo fambisa ya tiindasitiri ya onhaka hikwalaho ka ku hlangana. PV lamination (150°C, EVA contact) yina vutomi byo ringanela. Switirhisiwa swa friction yo tika (abrasive discs) swina vutomi byo koma. Swilo swa nkoka: ku lawula mahiselo (tshama ≤260°C), papalata ku rhurhumela loku tlhavaka, ku basisiwa nkarhi na nkarhi, na ku cinciwa hi nkarhi loko ku ri na swirhumbana kumbe ku tshwuka.

Lapi ra mahiselo yale henhla ra PTFE ritshamisekile kuya fika eka 300°C, kambe eka ndzilo ri bola naswona ri humesa tigasi letingana chefu swinene: hydrogen fluoride (HF) (corrosive, pulmonary edema) na perfluoroisobutylene (PFIB) (leyi nga riki na muhlovo, yingari na nun’hwelo, ~10x leyingana chefu kutlula phosgene, kungari na antidote). Nakambe khaboni monokisayidi, masalela ya PFOA, na ti trace dioxins. Swisirhelelo leswi tolovelekeke swa musi a swi tirhi; tirhisa switirhisiwa swo hefemula leswi tiyimeleke (SCBA). Swikombiso swi nga ha hlwela.

PTFE high-temperature fabric (PTFE-coated fiberglass) yikahle swinene eka microwave heating hikuva yi hundzisela ti microwaves handle ko tswonga eneji, yi lwisana na 260°C, naswona yina xivumbeko lexi nga namarheliki. Switirhisiwa swikatsa ti microwave baking mats, ti industrial dryer conveyor belts, ti reactor linings to gayela ti khemikhali, na ti microwave popcorn bag liners. Tigredi ta FDA leti kumekaka eka ku hlangana na swakudya.