Maqaalkani waxa uu daboolayaa nuxurka silica iyo xaaladaha codsiga ee muraayadda fiber-ka-sare ee silica. Qeexida nuxurka silica: tilmaame xudunta u ah waa SiO₂ ≥96% (standard 96-98%, darajooyinka premium>99% iyada oo la isticmaalayo leaching aashitada iyo sintering, soo dhawaaday fibre quartz saafi ah). Wax-soo-saarka: Dharka E-glass-ku wuxuu maraa dheecaanka aashitada kulul si ay u milmaan qaybaha aan silica ahayn (boron oxide, sodium oxide), abuurista qalfoofka sare ee silica, ka dibna loo miiray cufnaanta. Faa'iidooyinka asaasiga ah: adeegga joogtada ah ee 900 ° C ee jawiga oksaydheynta, muddada gaaban ee ka sarreeya 1200 ° C, barta jilicsan ee u dhow 1700 ° C; xasiloonida kiimikaad ee ka dhanka ah inta badan asiidhyada/alkaliska marka laga reebo HF iyo fosfooraska kulul; dielectric hoose oo joogto ah iyo dahaarka deggan heerkulka sare.

Maqaalkani waxa uu daboolayaa ifafaale delamination ee Teflon dharka heerkulka sare. Delamination waxaa loola jeedaa kala-soocidda iyo diirinta u dhaxaysa daahan PTFE oogada iyo marada salka fiberglass gudaha ama inta u dhaxaysa lakabyo badan oo daahan. Muuqaalo muuqaal ah: finan/ bararo (xumbo kor u kacay oo leh dareen godan) sida calaamadaha hore; diirinta dhexda oo leh dahaar si fudud looga saaro go'yaal muujinaya muraayadda cad; caddayn meelaysan oo ay ku xigto kuleyl/xun ka dib. Sababaha ugu muhiimsan: Burburka cadaadiska kulaylka - isugeynta fidinta kulaylka ee kala duwan ee u dhexeeya PTFE iyo fiberglass waxay abuurtaa walaac gudaha ah, wareegyada kuleylka / qaboojinta degdega ah waxay keenaan kala go'; Cilladaha tayada wax soo saarka - daawaynta dusha sare ee fiberglass oo aan ku filnayn, impregnation PTFE liidata, sintayn ku filan oo keenaysa isku xidhka wajiga oo daciif ah.

Maqaalkani waxa uu qeexayaa sifooyinka qaab-dhismeedka yar-yar ee Teflon dharka heerkulka sare. Qalfoofka substrate: texture fiber tod texture ee cad/ twill tolmo leh porosity sare (daloolada mikroroonka ee xirmooyinka fiber-ka iyo qanjidhada-warp-weft) siinaya meel bannaan oo PTFE impregnation. Qaab-dhismeedka dahaarka: encapsulation buuxa oo samaynaysa 'qaabka la xoojiyay ee shubka ah' halkaasoo fiilooyinka dhalooyinka ay xoojinayaan wajiga, PTFE waa matrix joogto ah; Qaab-dhismeed-yareedka qanjidhada ee dusha sare ee qanjidhada (qaybaha) oo isku xidhan oo ay leeyihiin fibrinno yaryar oo la sameeyay inta lagu jiro sintering; lakabka maqaarka cufan ee joogtada ah (dhowr ilaa tobanaan microns dhumucdiisuna) ee PTFE saafi ah oo ah caqabad fure u ah la'aanta kiimikada, guryaha aan dhegta lahayn, iyo dahaarka korantada.

Maqaalkani waxa uu eegayaa saamaynta xakamaynta xiisadda webka inta lagu jiro daahan heerkul sare ah oo Teflon ah oo ku saabsan sagxadda substrate-ka PTFE iyo lebbiska dahaarka dhejiska ah. Saamaynta siman ee substrate-ka: xiisadda ka sarreysa xadka laastikada waxay sababtaa fidinta caagga ah iyo luqunta aan laga noqon karin (dheeraynta dhererka, cidhiidhiga transverse), samaynta caajisnimo, laalaab iyo qaabab mawjad leh; PTFE oo ku gurguurta xiisad joogto ah waxay noqotaa 'barafsan' ka dib qaboojinta, taasoo keenta sinnaansho la'aanta dusha sare; Xiisad aan sinnayn oo aan sinnayn oo ka imanaysa isbarbar yaaca rullaluistu waxay abuurtaa geeso qalloocan, finan dhexe, iyo calaamado dabacsan oo xilliyeed ah.

Maqaalkani wuxuu eegayaa isbeddelada qaabdhismeedka ee dharka heerkulka sare ee PTFE inta lagu jiro da'da. Afar arrimood: PTFE daahan microstructure - maqaarka silsilad molecular iyo oxidation (carbonyl/carboxyl kooxda formation), crystallinity isbedel (hore kor u kaca ka dibna dumo), micro-dillaaca iyo samaynta pinhole, dusha budada; Substrate fiber galaas iyo interface - kala goynta wakiilka cabbirka/isku xidhka taasoo keenaysa luminta isku xidhka, debonding interfacial and delamination (caabuqa, meelaha cad), nabaad guurka shabagga fiber galaas iyo embrittlement, roobka birta alkali oxide sababa daxal stress; Qaab dhismeedka macroscopic iyo muuqaalka - midabka isbeddelka (caddaan → beige → bunni → madow), qallafsanaan iyo laallaab, dusha sare oo qallafsan iyo luminta dhaldhalaalka, budada marka la taabto, luminta dabacsanaanta buuxda. Nuxurka gabowga: geeddi-socod horumarsan oo ah 'hoos u dhigista dahaarka → fashilka interface → hoos u dhaca substrate.'

Maqaalkani waxa uu daboolayaa sida loo xakameeyo wakhtiga sinjiga ee dharka heerkulka sare ee PTFE. Habka xakamaynta xudunta ah: hagaajinta xawaaraha khadka. Waqtiga isku dhafka ah = qaybta kuleylka wax ku ool ah dhererka dhererka dharka. Heerkulka wax-ku-oolka ahi waa 350°C (heerkulkan ka sarreeya waxa lagu tiriyaa wakhtiga sintay). Heerkulka aagga badan ee qaybinta: preheating (100-250°C), sintering (360-395°C), dejinta heerkul sare (380-390°C), qaboojinta (ka hooseeya 300°C). Waqtiyada tixraaca ee 380-390 ° C: khafiif ah (0.08-0.13mm) 30-60 ilbiriqsi; heerka (0.18-0.25mm) 1.5-3 daqiiqo; culus (≥0.35mm) 3-5 daqiiqo. Aqoonsiga iyo hagaajinta: hoos u dhigista (xoogga hoose, daadinta budada, dildilaaca yar yar) → yareeyo xawaaraha si loo kordhiyo waqtiga; xad-dhaaf ah (jaalle, jajaban, qiiq cad) → kordhiso xawaaraha si loo gaabiyo degenaanshaha. Heerkulka-waqtiga u dhigma waxa ay ogolanaysaa in si degdeg ah kulkulkiisu sareeyo (395-405°C, ilbiriqsi) ama heerkul hoose oo tartiib tartiib ah (360-375°C, 5-8 daqiiqo).

Maqaalkani wuxuu sharxayaa qaabka isbeddelka xoogga isku-dhafka ah ee lakabka dhejiska heerkulka-sare ee PTFE ka dib gabow heerkul sare ah. Qaabka saddex-marxaladda ah: Marxaladda kor u kaca ee daawaynta ka dib (heerkulka hore ee heerkulka 200-260 ° C, kooxaha falcelinta hadhaaga ahi waxay sii wadaan isku-xidhka, isku-duubnida ayaa si weyn u kordheysa); Marxaladda dheellitirka xasilloonida (hababka isdhaafsiga ee dhammaystirka, isku xirnaanta ayaa weli ah mid deggan muddo dheer); Hoos u dhaca iyo heerka hoos u dhaca (waqtiga xad-dhaafka ah/heerkulka ayaa keena hoos u dhaca silsiladda, isku xirnaanta ayaa hoos u dhacda, koollada ayaa jilcisa oo noqda mid adag). Sababaha xididka ah ee fashilka wadajirka ah ( dildilaaca gudaha ee haraaga ka tagaya) iyo tuujin (qulqulka qabow ee ka imanaya geesaha sababtoo ah moodeelka oo yaraada) ayaa la falanqeeyay.

Maqaalkani wuxuu faahfaahinayaa codsiyada Teflon dharka heerkulka sare ee warshadaha tamarta qorraxda. Codsiga muhiimka ah ee lakabka moduleka: dharka lagu sii daayo ee lagu dhejiyay kor/hoosaha cutubyada PV waxay ka hortagtaa dhalaalidda EVA (140-150°C) inay ku dhegto kuleyliyaha saxan ama caag, ilaalinta qalabka iyo hubinta dusha moduleka siman; suumanka kombuyuutarrada ee rarida/dejinta tooska ah; Dharka ilaalinta caagga ah oo fidinaya nolosha adeegga. Alxanka xadhkaha unugga: suunka qaadaha qaada ee sidda unugyo iyo ribbon dhexmara aagga kululaynta, oo leh dusha aan dhegta lahayn oo iska caabinaysa qulqulka iyo qulqulka alxanka; barkimooyin kuleyliyaha loogu talagalay goobaha shaqada ee alxanka. Xakamaynta heerkulka sare: duubista tuubooyinka kuleylka, heerkulbeegyada, fiilooyinka laminators iyo foornooyinka daaweynta; qalabka daahyada dahaarka kulaylka iyo gaashaan.

Maqaalkani waxa uu daboolayaa tillaabooyinka pretreatment looga baahan yahay dharka fiberglass ka hor PTFE emulsion impregnation. Tallaabada 1: Daawaynta kulaylka 300-450 ° C si aad si buuxda uga saartid wax paraffin iyo saliidaha dushiisa fiber (paraffin wax, istaarijka istaarijka), maadada cabbirka hadhaaga ayaa looga baahan yahay wax ka hooseeya 0.2%, soo saarista 'dharka kulaylka-deexed.' Tallaabo 2: Daaweynta kiimikada dusha sare - Codsiga silane coupling agents, KH-550 samee filimka isku xidhka kiimikaad ee dusha fiber, awood u siinaya buundada molecular ee u dhaxaysa fiilooyinka galaaska ee aan organic iyo PTFE organic; Dharka hore loo daaweeyay ee ganacsi ahaan loo heli karo way ka boodi karaan tallaabadan laakiin waa in la xaqiijiyaa. Talaabada 3: Qalajinta iyo kuleylinta ka hor - qalajinta 80-120 ° C 1-2 saacadood si loo yareeyo qoyaanka ka hooseeya 0.1%, ka hortagga xumbo/samaynta maran inta lagu jiro daaweynta.

Maqaalkani waxa uu soo bandhigayaa habab lagu wanaajiyo iska caabinta gurguurta iyo xajinta muddada dheer ee xajinta sare ee Teflon cajalad heerkul sare ah. Xeeladaha waxaa ka mid ah: Hagaajinta shabakada molecular-ka sare ee resin/ratio xabagta MQ (1.2:1–2:1) waxay samaysaa goobo adag oo adag; isku darka kooxaha phenyl (20-30 mol%) waxay xannibaysaa dhaqdhaqaaqa silsiladda; Miisaanka molecular ee isdhaafka ah ayaa lagu xakameeyay 5,000-15,000 g/mol; Qaab dhismeedka koollada kala duwan ee modules - lakabka asaasiga ah (1-3μm) oo leh wakiilka isku-xidhka silane, lakabka sare ee isku-xidhka ah (30-50μm) sida qalfoof u adkaysta dhogorta, lakabka shaqaynta viscoelastic (3-8μm) ee qoynta dusha sare; Nanofillers - silica qiiqa leh (10-25 wt%) oo leh wax ka beddelka dusha sare waxay abuurtaa isku xidhid jireed oo la beddeli karo.