Sintering i goza ra nkoka laha ti particles ta PTFE ti n’okaka, ti khulukaka, naku hlangana eka filimi leyi yaka emahlweni, yo enta leyi hlanganisaka na substrate ya fiberglass. Loko nkarhi wo khoma wuri wutsongo swinene, xifunengeto xitshama xiri na ti porous naswona xi tsanile. Loko yi lehe ngopfu, PTFE ya onhaka, yi humesa tigasi letingana chefu naswona yi hundzuka brittle.
Parameter ya nkoka i nkarhi wo khoma – nkarhi endzhaku ka loko coating bulk yifike eka mahiselo ya sintering (hi ntolovelo 370-400°C). Lowu a hi nkarhi lowu furniture yi nga eka mahiselo ntsena; i nkarhi lowu lapi hi roxe ri le henhla ka ndhawu yo n’oka.
Aokai PTFE yi antswisile ti parameters ta sintering eka milayeni yotala ya swikumiwa. Nkongomiso lowu wu katsa swilaveko swa nkarhi wo khoma eka tinxaka to hambana ta furniture, swilo swa nkoka leswi kucetelaka, na swihoxo leswi humaka eka nkarhi lowu nga fanelangiki.
Misinya ya Misinya ya Masungulo – Leswi 'Ku Khoma Nkarhi' Swi Vulaka swona Hakunene
1. Xikongomelo xa nkoka
Ku pfumelela swiphemuphemu swa PTFE ku n’oka hi ku helela, ku khuluka, na ku hlangana ehenhla ka ndhawu ya swona yo n’oka (kwalomu ka 327°C ), ku vumba filimi leyi yaka emahlweni na ku tsindziyela leyi fikelelaka ku hlanganisiwa loku tiyeke ka michini na substrate ya fiberglass.
2. Ku hambana ka vuxopaxopi
Nkarhi wo khoma wuvula nkarhi lowu tshamaka wuri kona endzhaku kaloko nhlayo ya coating yifike eka mahiselo ya sintering (hi ntolovelo 370-400°C), kutlula ntsena nkarhi lowu mahiselo ya furnace yatshamaka yanga cinci.
Swina nkoka swinene kutiyisisa leswaku ku enta loku heleleke ka lapi ra fiberglass (kukatsa na resin leyi khomiweke exikarhi ka ti fibre bundles tale ndzeni) kufika eka mahiselo yo n’oka naswona yi khoma nkarhi lowu ringaneleke. Mahiselo yale henhla ntsena aya enelanga – ti layers tale ndzeni na tona tifanele ku n’oka.
Tindhawu ta Swikombo swa Maendlelo lama Tolovelekeke
1. Furnace yo sintering leyi yaka emahlweni
Ku lulamisiwa ka mahiselo ya furnace: Ku hisa ka ti multi-zone laha ndzhawu ya mahiselo yale henhla yi vekiweke eka 380-400°C (kufika eka 410°C eka ti formulations tokarhi leti endleriweke wena).
Nkarhi wo tshama lowu tirhaka (nkarhi wo khoma) eka ndzhawu ya mahiselo yale henhla:
Ku tiya ka Lapi
Nkarhi wo Khoma lowu Hlamuseriweke
Lapi ro olova (0.08–0.15 mm) .
30 – 90 wa tisekoni
Lapi ra le xikarhi (0.15–0.30 mm) .
90 – 180 wa tisekoni (1.5 – 3 wa timinete) .
Lapi ro tika ro tiya (0.30–0.50 mm+) .
3 – 5 wa timinete kumbe ku tlula
Ku lulamisiwa loku tirhaka: Tune line speed kuya hi ku leha ka furnace – hunguta rivilo ra ku famba ka malapi ku engetela nkarhi wo tshama eka mahiselo yale henhla.
2. Batch (muxaka wa bokisi) wa furniture yo sintering
Khoma mahiselo lawa yanga cinciki eka 380-390°C endzhaku ko hisa:
Muxaka wa Switirhisiwa
Nkarhi wo Khoma lowu Hlamuseriweke
Lapi ra fiberglass leri pfanganisiweke kan’we
5 – 15 wa timinete (ku vekiwa nkarhi kusukela loko vuandlalo bya lapi byi fika eka mahiselo lawa ya kongomisiweke) .
Swilo leswi cheriweke swilo swo tala kumbe leswi laminated
15 – 30 wa timinete (ku tiyisisa mahiselo yale ndzeni nale henhla lawa ya fanaka) .
Xitsundzuxo: Tifurni ta mabokisi ti xaniseka hi ku hangalasiwa ka mahiselo hi ndlela leyi nga ringaniki. Moya lowu rhendzelekaka wa rivilo lerikulu wa laveka, naswona nkarhi wo khoma wufanele ku engeteriwa hindlela leyi faneleke ku papalata under-sintering ya ti layers tale ndzeni.
Swilo Swa Nkoka Leswi Bohaka Nkarhi Wo Khoma
Swilo swa nkoka swa ntlhanu swa tirhisana ku kumisisa nkarhi lowunene wo khoma eka xiendliwa xin’wana na xin’wana xo karhi.
1. Ku tiya ka lapi ra fiberglass na ntiko
Malapi yo tiya, yo tika yana thermal conductivity yoka yingari kahle naswona ya lava nkarhi woleha wo khoma leswaku kuhisa kuta nghena kuya exikarhi.
2. Ku peta ku hundza na ku layicha ka PTFE
Ti layers totala to peta ti endla ti films to tiya ta resin leti lavaka ku hisiwa nkarhi wo leha leswaku tita n’oka hiku hetiseka coating yale hansi. Ti single thin coatings ti pfumelela nkarhi wo koma wo khoma.
3. Giredi ya emulsion ya PTFE
Ti emulsions ta PTFE leti tengeke – ti lava mahiselo yale henhla ya sintering xikan’we na nkarhi lowu ringaneleke wo tshama
Swihlanganisi leswi cinciweke (leswi pfanganisiweke na PFA kumbe FEP) – swikombisa ku khuluka ka melt yale henhla naswona swipfumelela kuhunguteka ka nkarhi wo khoma
4. Ku hisa ka sintering
Mahiselo yale henhla lawa ya vekiweke (xikombiso, 400°C) – ya pfuxeta nkarhi lowu lavekaka wo khoma
Mahiselo yale kusuhi na mpimo wale hansi (370°C) – ya lava ku hisiwa nkarhi woleha
Fasitere ra 380-390°C ri ringanisela vukorhokeri bya vuhumelerisi na khombo ra ku onhaka ka PTFE
5. Dizayini ya furniture na rivilo ra moya wo hisa
Ti furnaces letingana ku famba famba ka moya wo hisa hi rivilo lerikulu kumbe ku nghena ka infrared – ku hundziseriwa ka kuhisa loku tirhaka kahle, nkarhi wo koma wo khoma
Ti furnaces leti titshegeke ntsena hi radiant heating – minkarhi yo leha yo tshama ya laveka
Swihoxo Leswi Vangiwaka Hi Nkarhi Wo Khoma Lowu Nga Fanelangiki
1. Nkarhi wo khoma lowu nga enelangiki (under-sintering) .
Xikombiso
Xivangelo xa Rimitsu
Ku peta swi hundzuka opaque yo basa, grainy, rough surface
Ti particles tinga n’okanga hiku hetiseka naswona ti hlanganisiwa
Ku namarhela loku nga riki kahle – ku rhurhumela endzhaku ko rhurhumela kumbe ku peta
Ku hlangana loku tsaneke eka fiberglass
Kuhunguteka ka matimba ya dielectric, ku nghenelela ka moya wale henhla
Xivumbeko xa filimi lexi nga ni ti- porous, lexi nga helelangiki
Ku onhaka ka mati/oyili yo hlongola
Vuandlalo a byi tsindziyerile hi ku helela
Matimba ya michini lama nga riki ya xiyimo xa le henhla
Ku hlangana loku tsaneke exikarhi ka swiphemuphemu
Ku kumiwa: Ku kamberiwa hi mahlo (opaque white, grainy), tape pull test (peeling), ku kamberiwa hi cross-section (ti particles to basa letinga n’okisiwa endzeni).
2. Nkarhi wo leha ngopfu wo khoma (over-sintering) .
Xikombiso
Xivangelo xa Rimitsu
PTFE yi sungula ku bola hi ku hisa
Ku tshama nkarhi woleha eka 380-400°C (swi tika ehenhla ka 415°C) .
Ku peta swi hundzuka swivati swotshuka, brittle, brown/black scorch spots
Ku onhaka ka mahiselo
Ku humesiwa ka gasi ya fluoride leyi nga ni chefu (HF, PFIB) .
Ku bola ka PTFE
Fiberglass yi lahlekeriwa hi matimba yo koka
Ku onhaka ka oxidation ya mahiselo yale henhla
Ti pinholes na ti bubbles eka vuandlalo bya coating
Ku hundzuka ka gasi ku suka eka ku onhaka
Ku kumiwa: Ku kamberiwa hi mahlo (ku tshwuka, swivati swo hisa), ku kamberiwa ka brittleness (ku pandzeka loko ku govekile), ku kumiwa ka nun’hwelo (ku nun’hwela loku nga nyawuriki ku kombisa ku bola).
Swipimelo swa Vukamberi leswi Tirhaka na Switsundzuxo swa ku Antswisa Maendlelo
1. Simeka ti curve ta mahiselo-nkarhi
Tirhisa furnace temperature tracker ku rhekhoda mahiselo ya nkarhi wa xiviri ya le henhla ka lapi naku tiyisisa nkarhi lowu tirhaka wa ku n’oka ehenhla ka 370°C. Leyi i ndlela leyi tshembekaka swinene yo tiyisisa nkarhi wa xiviri wo khoma.
2. Ku kamberiwa ka ku kula hi mahlo
Swifunengeto swa PTFE leswi sintered hi ku helela swi kona:
Ku languteka loku fanaka ka semi-transparent kuya eka loku vonakaka hiku hetiseka (ku hambana kuya hi vukulu) .
Ku hava swiphemuphemu leswi nga n’okiwangiki leswi nga ni choko
Swi olova ku swi khumba (a swi tiya kumbe swi tshoveka) .
3. Xikambelo xa ku namarhela
Ku hava ku rhurhumela kumbe masalela ya powder endzhaku ka tape pull test kumbe ku gombonyoka loku phindha-phindhiweke (fold/unfold 5-10 times).
4. Ku kamberiwa loku onhaka hi xiphemu xo tsemakanya
Ku hava swiphemu swo basa leswi nga n’okiwangiki endzeni
Ti fiberglass yarns leti tsakamisiweke hiku hetiseka hi molten PTFE resin
5. Magoza ya vuhlayiseki na ku titimela hi ku sindzisiwa
Hlayisa moya wa matimba wa exhaust ku sivela ku hlengeletiwa ka switirhisiwa swa chefu (perfluoroisobutylene, HF) kusuka eka ku bola ka PTFE
Strictly cap maximum mahiselo na nkarhi wo khoma
Hiku hatlisa phamela lapi eka ndzhawu yo titimela leyi sindzisiweke endzhaku ka xiphemu xa mahiselo yale henhla leswaku yita hola ehansi ka 300°C hiku hatlisa – ku kufumela hiku hatlisa swipfuneta ku khiya eka fused microstructure
Nkatsakanyo – Nkongomiso wa Nkarhi wo Khoma wa Xikombo xa Xihatla
Muxaka wa Furnace
Ku tiya ka Lapi
Nkarhi wo Khoma lowu Hlamuseriweke
Ku ya emahlweni (tizoni to tala) .
Ku olova (0.08-0.15 mm) .
30 – 90 wa tisekoni
Ku ya emahlweni (tizoni to tala) .
Xikarhi (0.15-0.30 mm) .
90 – 180 wa tisekoni
Ku ya emahlweni (tizoni to tala) .
Swi tika (>0.30 mm) .
3 – 5+ wa timinete
Batch (muxaka wa bokisi) .
Jazi rin’we
5 – 15 wa timinete
Batch (muxaka wa bokisi) .
Xigwitsirisi xo tala / lexi laminated
15 – 30 wa timinete
Nawu wo angarhela: Amukela nkarhi wale hansi lowu amukelekaka wo khoma lowu tiyisisaka ku n’oka loku heleleke ka coating, leveling, na zero unmelted inner cores – ku hunguta khombo ra ku onhaka ka mahiselo.
Aokai PTFE yi nyika nseketelo wa maendlelo ya sintering ku katsa na ku landzelerisa mahiselo, ku kamberiwa ka xiphemu xo tsemakanya, na ku antswisiwa ka parameter. Tihlanganisi na hina ku kuma mpfuneto wa xithekiniki.
Loko u lava ku kuma swihlawulekisi leswi nga na vuxokoxoko, swiyimo swa xikombelo na swintshuxo leswi endleriweke layini ya hina leyi heleleke ya swikumiwa ku katsa na lapi ra mahiselo ya le henhla ya PTFE, thepi yo namarhela ya mahiselo ya le henhla ya PTFE, bandi ra mesh ra mahiselo ya le henhla ya PTFE, bandi ro kandziyisa ku hisa leri nga riki na swirhabyani, lapi ra PTFE ra tlhelo rin’we, bandi ra conveyor leri tiyiselaka mahiselo ya le henhla na fiberglass leyi tiyiselaka ku hisa lapi, hi kombela u hi tihlanganisa hi ku tirhisa tichannel leti nga laha hansi:
Hi namarhela swiyimo swa xiphurofexinali na vutshembeki, hi tinyiketerile ku ku nyika swintshuxo swa tiindasitiri swa xiyimo xin’we na vukorhokeri bya vaxavi lebyi anakanyisisiweke!
