Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) nye carbon kple fluorine polymer. Ŋkɔ si wonya nyuie wue nye: Teflon.
PTFE ƒe nɔnɔmewo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:
Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe Nɔnɔme Nyuiwo (<1%) .
Atikewo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ƒe tsitretsitsi ɖe nu ŋu ƒe tsitretsitsi .
Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe tsitretsitsi .
Friction ƒe xexlẽdzesi siwo bɔbɔ wu .
Non stick properties(kple dzoxɔxɔ si nu meyina o si nye 500°F (260°C))
Do Tsitretsitsi .
Teƒe si kɔkɔ ŋutɔ .
PTFE ƒe nɔnɔme nyuitɔwo kekeake naa dɔ vovovowoe wòzãna, eye wozãnɛ wu abe nusi me womeléa nu ɖe nu ŋu o ene na nuɖanuwo. PTFE ƒe Wear resistance si nyo wu la na woate ŋu atsɔ nu vovovowo akpe ɖe eŋu to emulsion polymerization alo suspension polymerization processing me be woawɔ thermal-resistant industrial products kɔkɔ siwo me mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe nɔnɔme nyuiwo le, abe wire insulation, food-grade conveyor belts, flexible non-stick fabrics, kple bubuawo ene.
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Woke ɖe polytetrafluoroethylene ŋu le ƒe 1938. Amerikatɔ atikewɔla Roy J. Plunkett (ƒe 1910–1994) ye ke ɖe eŋu gbã esime wònɔ agbagba dzem be yeawɔ carbon kple fluorine ƒe ƒuƒoƒo yeye si me nufamɔ̃ le. Ame siwo nɔ anyi ɣemaɣi la mabu nu dzro sia ŋu o. Nusiwo doa ŋusẽ nu wɔnukuwo akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe xexeame ƒe akpa sia akpa dzi.
Le ƒe 1941 me la, DuPont xɔ adzɔnu sia ƒe gomenɔamesi eye wòŋlɔ asitsadzesi ɖe ŋkɔ 'Teflon' te le ƒe 1944 me.
Fifia la, wozãa polytetrafluoroethylene le teƒe geɖe le nuwɔwɔ kple agbe ƒe akpa geɖe me. Le nuɖuɖudzraƒewo la, wozãa nuɖanu siwo wotsɔ PTFE bla ɖe wo ŋu le afisiafi; Le awudɔwɔƒea la, awu siwo me vuvɔ le siwo me vuvɔ le tso adzɔnuwɔƒewo abe Helikon kple Carinthia ene la katã zãa PTFE abe nusi wotsɔ blaa nu alo gota gome ene. , be woate ŋu anɔ te ɖe vuvɔ sesẽ si nye -30°C nu gbɔ; Le asrafowo ƒe agble me la, PTFE nusiwo mebu boo o, dielectric nɔnɔme nyuiwo, woƒe wɔwɔme nyuie, atike ƒe nɔnɔme siwo li ke, kple tsi ƒe xɔxlɔ̃ aɖeke kloe wozãna le radio dzi radar ƒe akpa siwo kɔkɔ ŋutɔ me. Le atikewɔwɔ me la, wozãa PTFE nuawo hã le ŋutilã ƒe akpa siwo wowɔ kple asi me.
Nukae PTFE tsi tre ɖi na?
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PTFE tsi tre ɖi na polytetrafluoroethylene, si nye atike si wozãna na polymer (C2F4)N.
Zi geɖe la, nu sia fiaa PTFE synthetic fluoropolymer ɖesiaɖe si ƒe ŋkɔe nye PTFE. Polytetrafluoroethylene ƒe nɔnɔme vevitɔwoe nye esiawo:
Dzoxɔxɔ si sɔ gbɔ wu (°F /°C): 500/260
Tensile ƒe ŋusẽ le Break (PSI): 4,000 .
Dielectric constant (KV/MIL): 3.7.
Agbɔsɔsɔme: 2.16 .
Edidi le ɖiɖiɖemeɣi: 350%
Ƒuta D ƒe sesẽme: 54 .
PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene synthetic fluoropolymer si wozãna le teƒe geɖe kple adzɔnu manyaxlẽwo xoxo la, adzɔnu vevi siwo ƒe ŋkɔe nye:
PTFE ƒe atikewo ƒe wɔwɔme .
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Polytetrafluoroethylene nye linear polymer si me carbon (C) kple fluorine (F) atɔm le, kple atike ƒe nɔnɔme (C2F4)N, afisi N nye monomer units ƒe xexlẽme.
Woateŋu aɖe PTFE ƒe wɔwɔme afia abe: -CF2-CF2-CF2-CF2- .
PTFE molecule ƒe kɔsɔkɔsɔ didi la nyea carbon atɔmwo, eye wo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe do ƒome kple fluorine atɔm eve.
Fluorine ƒe atɔmwo tsyɔa carbon atɔm siwo le spiral polymer kɔsɔkɔsɔa me la ƒe anyime kloe. Carbon atɔmawoe nye kɔsɔkɔsɔ vevitɔ si le polymer kɔsɔkɔsɔa me. Fluorine ƒe atɔmwo wɔa xɔtunu si le abe akpoxɔnu ene si ƒo xlã carbon atɔmawo, si kpɔa carbon atɔm siwo le eme ta nyuie.
Atɔm ƒe ɖoɖo tɔxɛ sia naa PTFE ƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛwo. Molekyulãwo ƒe wɔwɔme sia kpena ɖe PTFE ƒe dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ kple atike ƒe nɔnɔme siwo ɖeke mesɔ kplii o ŋu.
Teflon nye fluoropolymer si me dzoxɔxɔ le, eye Teflon ƒe ŋkɔ kpui nye PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene).
Teflon nye atike ƒe dzesi, gake woate ŋu aƒle PTFE hã tso dɔwɔƒe bubu siwo menye atikewo o gbɔ.
Teflon nye nusi ame geɖe lɔ̃a zazã le eƒe ʋuʋudedi si mebɔ o, dzoxɔxɔ si nu sẽ, kple atikewo ƒe tsitretsitsi ta.
Nyateƒee, Teflon nye polymer nu si wowɔ tso tetrafluoroethylene me eye wònye perfluorine ƒomevi aɖe. Eƒe atike ƒe ŋkɔe nye polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
Teflon ƒe atikewo ƒe wɔwɔme le etɔxɛ ŋutɔ. Molekyulã ƒe wɔwɔme enye be F (fluorine atɔm) xɔ ɖe H (hydrogen atɔm) siwo katã le C kɔsɔkɔsɔa dzi la teƒe. Le ɣeyiɣi ma ke me la, esi wònye be fluorine atɔm ƒe didime lolo wu carbon atɔm ƒe didime ta la, atɔmwo ƒe repulsion la lolo ŋutɔ, eyata malɔ̃ hydrogen atɔm o, woate ŋu aɖo wo ɖe ɖoɖo nu le yameʋu me, ale be fluorine atɔmwo nate ŋu aƒo ƒu kple fluorine si me mekɔ o kloe, ale be fluorine la naxatsa ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu ko.
Esi fluorine atɔm ƒe mɔxenu sesẽ aɖe li ta la, Teflon polymer ƒe wɔwɔme li ke vie ne wotsɔe sɔ kple nu bubuwo.
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PTFE nye polymer si wowɔ tso tetrafluoroethylene monomer me. Enye wax si me kɔ alo esi me mekɔ o si sɔ kple PE. Eƒe kpekpeme nye 2.2g/cm3 eye eƒe tsi ƒe xɔxlɔ̃ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme mede 0.01% o.
PTFE polymer ƒe atike ƒe wɔwɔme sɔ kple PE tɔ, negbe ɖeko wotsɔ fluorine atɔmwo ɖɔli hydrogen atɔm siwo katã le polyethylene me. Le kadodo ƒe ŋusẽ si sɔ gbɔ kple CF ƒe kadodoa ƒe dɔwɔwɔ si li ke ta la, atikewo ƒe xɔxlɔ̃ ƒe tsitretsitsi nyui aɖe le esi eye ate ŋu anɔ te ɖe acid sesẽwo katã nu (si me aqua regia hã le) negbe alkali ga siwo wotsɔ ƒo ƒui, oxidizing media, kple sodium hydroxide si wu 300°C koe mele eme o. kpakple oxidants sesẽwo ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedziwo, nusiwo ɖea atikewo kple organic solvents vovovowo dzi kpɔtɔna.
F atɔm si le PTFE molecule me la sɔ kple wo nɔewo, eye nu eve siwo le CF ƒe kadodoa me la bla ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu le covalent me. Elektrɔn siwo le ablɔɖe me mele molecule la me o, si wɔnɛ be molecule bliboa metsia anyi o. Eyata dielectric nɔnɔme nyuiwo le esi, eye eƒe elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dzoxɔxɔ mekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe nutoa me kple eƒe tsɔtsɔme ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi dzi o.
Teflon ƒe ŋutilãmenunɔamesiwo .
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Eƒe gbeɖiɖi ƒe tsitretsitsi lolo wu 1017, eƒe dielectric bu le sue, eƒe gbagbã ƒe ʋuʋudedi le kɔkɔ, eƒe arc tsitretsitsi nyo, eye ateŋu awɔ dɔ le elektrikŋusẽ ƒe nɔnɔme si nye 250°C me. Esi wònye be haidrodzin ƒe kadodo aɖeke mele PTFE molecule ƒe wɔwɔme me o ta la, wɔwɔme la sɔ kple wo nɔewo, eyata eƒe kristalowɔwɔ le kristalo ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme si le eme la le kɔkɔm ŋutɔ (zi geɖe la, kristalowɔwɔ nye 55%~75%, ɣeaɖewoɣi la, ekɔna abe 94%), si wɔnɛ be PTFE te ŋu nɔa te ɖe dzoxɔxɔ nu ŋutɔ. Eƒe dzoxɔxɔ si le ƒoƒom enye 324C, eƒe dzoxɔxɔ si gblẽna la nye 415°C, eye eƒe dzoxɔxɔ si sɔ gbɔ wue nye 250°C. Enye brittle dzoxɔxɔ nye -190°C, eye dzoxɔxɔ ƒe tɔtɔ ƒe dzoxɔxɔ (le 0.46MPa nɔnɔmewo me) nye 120C.
Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe nɔnɔme nyuiwo le Teflon-nu la ŋu. Eƒe tensile ŋusẽ nye 21~28mpa, bending ŋusẽ nye 11 ~ 14mpa, elongation nye 250%~300%, eye eƒe dynamic kple static friction coefficients ɖe gakpo ŋu nye 0.04, si nyo wu nylon, polyformaldehyde, kple polyethylene. Plastik fafɛwo ƒe ʋuʋu ƒe xexlẽme le sue.
Pure PTFE ƒe ŋusẽ le sue, eƒe vuvu ƒe tsitretsitsi nyuie o eye creep tsitretsitsi nyuie o. Zi geɖe la, ehiãna be woatsɔ nu suesuesue aɖewo siwo me agbe mele o akpe ɖe PTFE polymer la ŋu, abe graphite, disulfide ƒuƒoƒo, aluminum oxide, glass fiber, carbon fiber, kple bubuawo ene be wòana eƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya nanyo ɖe edzi. , eye woate ŋu akeke wo ɖe enu hã to nuwɔwɔ aduadu kple polyphenylase bubuwo abe polyphenylase (PHB), polyphenylene sulfide (PFS), polyethylene glycol (Peek), polyethylene/propylene copolymer (PFEP), kple bubuawo me, eƒe dzoxɔxɔ ƒe dzoxɔxɔ ƒe didime, si naa eƒe tsitretsitsi ɖe tɔtrɔ ŋu nyona ɖe edzi.
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Adzɔnuwo wɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu zãa chloroform abe nusi wotsɔ wɔa nu ene, ezãa anhydrous hydrofluoric acid tsɔ wɔa fluorinate chloroform, dzoxɔxɔ si wotsɔ wɔa dɔe la wu 65oC, ezãa antimony pentachloride abe nusi naa nu ʋãna ene, eye mlɔeba wòzãa dzoxɔxɔ ƒe gbagbã tsɔ wɔa tetrafluoroethylene.
Wowɔa aokai to suspension polymerization alo emulsion polymerization zazã me.
Dzadzraɖo ɖe monomer tetrafluoroethylene ŋu .
Le dɔwɔƒewo gome la, wozãa chloroform abe nusi wotsɔ wɔa nu ene, wozãa tsi si me tsi mele o si nye hydrofluoric acid tsɔ wɔa fluorinate chloroform, dzoxɔxɔ si le nuwɔna me la wu 65oC, wozãa antimony pentachloride abe nusi naa nu ʋãna ene, eye mlɔeba la, wowɔa tetrafluoroethylene to dzoxɔxɔ ƒe gbagbã me. Woateŋu awɔ tetrafluoroethylene hã to zinc ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple tetrafluorodichloroethane le dzoxɔxɔ gã me.
Dzadzraɖo ɖe polytetrafluoroethylene ŋu .
Le enamel alo stainless steel polymerization kettle me la, wozãa tsi abe medium ene, wozãa potassium persulfate abe gɔmedzela ene, wozãa perfluorocarboxylic acid ammonium salt abe dispersant ene, wozãa fluorocarbon tsɔ xɔa polyethylen, eye tetrafluoroethylene. Tetrafluoroethylene.
Tsɔ nu vovovo siwo wotsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la kpe ɖe nusi wotsɔ wɔa dɔe ŋu, eye tetrafluoroethylene monomer la gena ɖe polymerization kettle me le gas ƒe akpaa me. Trɔ dzoxɔxɔ si le tsizea me ɖe 25°C me, emegbe nàtsɔ activator (sodium metabisulfite) ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ aɖe akpe ɖe eŋu be nàdze polymerization gɔme to redox ɖoɖo me. Le polymerization ƒe ɖoɖoa me la, wotsɔa monomers kpena ɖe eŋu ɣesiaɣi, eye woléa polymerization pressure la me ɖe asi le 0.49 ~ 0.78MPa. Wotsɔa tsi aɖe tsia kaka si wokpɔ le polymerization megbe la me wòdea tsi aɖe nu, eye wotrɔa asi le dzoxɔxɔa ŋu wòzua 15~20oC. Ne wotsɔ mɔ̃ ʋuʋu ƒo wo nu ƒu vɔ la, wotsɔa tsi klɔa eŋu eye wotsɔa wo ƒua gbe, si fia be wokpɔa atike sia abe aŋɔ nyui si wotsɔ ƒoe ene.
Teflon coating ŋutɔ le dedie: Teflon nu ŋutɔ menye aɖi o, magblẽ o, eye mahe lãmesẽkuxiwo vɛ o. Esia anya nye esi wònye be eƒe molecule ƒe wɔwɔme koŋ me mekɔna le atike ŋutɔŋutɔwo me o, tsɔ kpe ɖe amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutilã ɖuɖu kple eƒe xɔxlɔ̃ ŋu.
Srɔ̃ nu geɖe tso Teflon Dedienɔnɔ ŋu
Nusi nye PTFE si wozãna na?
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PTFE ƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛwo na wozãnɛ le dɔwɔƒewo kple ƒudzidɔwo abe atikewɔƒewo, ami, avɔ, nuɖuɖu, pepa wɔwɔ, atikewɔwɔ, elektrɔnikmɔ̃wo kple mɔ̃wo me.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) zazã le nusiwo tsi tre ɖe nusiwo gblẽ ŋu me:
Le nusiwo gblẽ le rababa, ahuhɔ̃e, ga ƒomeviwo kple nu bubuwo ƒe xɔxlɔ̃ ŋu ta la, esesẽ be woaɖo nuto sesẽ si me dzoxɔxɔ, nyaƒoɖeamenu kple atikewo ƒe nyatakakamɔnuwo nɔa anyi ɖekae, eye nusiwo bu la dzi ŋɔ ŋutɔ. Togbɔ be PTFE nu la te ŋu nɔa te ɖe xɔxlɔ̃ nu nyuie hã la, polytetrafluoroethylene zãa nu vevi siwo te ŋu nɔa te ɖe xɔxlɔ̃ nu le ami, atike, avɔ kple dɔwɔƒe bubuwo me.
Dɔ tɔxɛ siwo woawɔ dometɔ aɖewoe nye: pɔmpiwo, yaƒoƒo ƒe pɔmpiwo, dzoxɔxɔ ƒe pɔmpiwo hena ya siwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu tsɔtsɔ, ami ƒe pɔmpi siwo me ya sesẽ le na ʋuʋudedi, pɔmpi siwo le titina, siwo le titina, kple esiwo me mekɔna o na yameʋuwo ƒe tsimɔ̃wo kple agbalẽtamɔ̃ fafɛwo, tsiɖɔɖɔɖɔƒewo, dzoxɔxɔnamɔ̃wo, xɔ kɔkɔwo kple tsigoewo. Atikewɔnuwo ƒe nutrenuwo abe linings kple valves ene ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kpɔa ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe mɔ̃ bliboa kple dɔwɔnuwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie kple woƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi. PTFE nu la ƒe nɔnɔmewo nye corrosion tsitretsitsi, tsitsi tsitretsitsi, low friction coefficient kple non-stickiness, wide temperature dometsotso, kple nyui elasticity, si wɔe be wòsɔ ŋutɔ na wɔwɔ nutrenuwo kple corrosion tsitretsitsi ƒe nudidiwo kple dɔwɔwɔ dzoxɔxɔ si wu 100°. Abe nutrenuwo na mɔ̃wo ƒe flanges, dzoxɔxɔ ɖɔliɖɔli, nugo siwo me ya sesẽ le, nugo siwo ƒe didime lolo, valvɔwo, kple pɔmpiwo, nutrenuwo na glass reaction zewo, flanges gbadzawo, flanges gãwo, shafts, piston rods, tie gear pumps, worm gear pumps, worm gear pumps, tie gear pomps, worm gear pomps, tie gear pomps.
2.Wozãa polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ƒe ʋuʋudedi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ si bɔbɔ ɖe anyi le agbatsɔtsɔ me.
Dɔwɔnu aɖewo ƒe ʋuʋudedi ƒe akpawo mesɔ na amisisi na ame o, abe le nɔnɔme siwo me ami si wotsɔna ƒoa amie atsɔ ami atutu ami me eye wòazu nusi mewɔa dɔ o, alo le pepa wɔwɔ me, atikewo, nuɖuɖu, avɔwo, kple bubuawo ene la, ehiã be woatsɔ ami si me wode amii wu la aƒo asa na ami si wotsɔna ƒoa amie) si me wotsɔa ami si wotsɔa ami ƒoa nui lae. Esia le alea elabena nu sia ƒe friction coefficient nye esi bɔbɔ wu le nu sesẽ siwo wonya dome. Eƒe zazã tɔxɛwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye bearings na atikewɔnuwo, pepawɔƒewo, kple agbledemɔ̃wo, abe piston rings, mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔnu mɔfiame rails, kple mɔfiame asigɛwo. Wozãa wo geɖe le dukɔmeviwo ƒe xɔtudɔwo me abe kpekpeɖeŋunamɔ̃wo ene na tɔdzisasrãwo, xɔtaxɔe ƒe xɔtaxɔe ƒe xɔtunuwo, atikewo ƒe pɔmpi gãwo, kple nudzraɖoƒewo. Blocks, kpakple esiwo wozãna abe tɔdzisasrã ƒe kpeɖeŋutɔ kple tɔdzisasrã ƒe tɔtrɔwo ene, kple bubuawo.
3.Applications of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) le elektrɔnik kple elektrikŋusẽ zazã me.
Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ ƒe bu si le bɔbɔe kple dielectric constant sue si le PTFE nuawo me la wɔnɛ be woate ŋu awɔe wòazu ka siwo ŋu enameled le hena zazã le micro motors, thermocouples, control devices, kple bubuawo me, PTFE Electrical Insulation Film Enye nu nyui aɖe si xea mɔ na nusiwo xea mɔ na nu, radio siwo xea mɔ na elektrikŋusẽ, mɔ̃ siwo wotsɔ xea mɔ na dzoxɔxɔ. Enye nusiwo hiã vevie na elektrɔnikmɔ̃wo abe yamenutomeyimɔ̃ kple yamenutomeyimɔ̃ ene hã dometɔ ɖeka. Fluorine plastik filmwo zazã ƒe oxygen sɔ gbɔ ɖe eme eye tsi ƒe dzoxɔxɔ sɔ gbɔ ɖe eme. Woate ŋu azã tsi sue sia si ate ŋu age ɖe eme tiatia sia atsɔ awɔ oxygen sensorwo. Woate ŋu azã fluoroplastics ƒe nɔnɔme siwo hea polar charge deviation le dzoxɔxɔ gã kple nyaƒoɖeamenu gã te la atsɔ awɔ nuƒomɔ̃wo, nuƒomɔ̃wo, akpa siwo le robotwo dzi, kple bubuawo, eye woate ŋu azã woƒe ʋuʋu si le bɔbɔe. Dɔwɔwɔ nyuie ƒe nɔnɔmewo ate ŋu ana ŋku ƒe ka siwo wotsɔna kpɔa nu na ame.
4.Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le atikewɔwɔ me.
PTFE nu si keke ta la nye nusi mewɔa dɔ o ko eye nugbagbewo ƒe tɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔme ŋu sesẽ ŋutɔ le esi. Mahe ŋutilãa ƒe gbegbe vɛ o eye ŋutilã me nugbegblẽ aɖeke mele amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutilã ŋu o. Woate ŋu atsɔ mɔnu ɖesiaɖe awɔ dɔlékuiwutikee. Eƒe microporous structure ɖe mɔ be woazã le rehabilitation solutions vovovowo me, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye ʋu ƒe ʋuka siwo wowɔ kple patches hena lãkusi falɛfalɛwo ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ kple amekoko ƒe sutures na ʋukawo, dzitodzito, general kple orthopadic amekoko.
5.Atikewɔwɔ na anti-stick nɔnɔmewo le polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
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PTFE-nu la ƒe anyigba ƒe tete le nu sesẽwo dome le sue wu eye meléna ɖe nu aɖeke ŋu o. Eƒe nɔnɔmewo hã le dzoxɔxɔ si nu sẽ kple esi bɔbɔ ɖe anyi kple atikewo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie, si wɔe be wòsɔ na dɔwo abe adzɔnuwo wɔwɔ ene. Wozãa non-stick pans geɖe le anti-stick applications me. Nusiwo tsia tre ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ koŋue nye ƒomevi eve: PTFE ƒe agbalẽvi la dede ɖe anyigba dzi eye woatsɔe ade . PTFE coating alo varnish ƒo ƒu kple glass le substrate la dzi to dzoxɔxɔ ƒe ɖeɖekpɔkpɔ me.
Srɔ̃ nu geɖe tso PTFE ƒe nutrenuwo ŋu .
Togbɔ be PTFE nuwo ƒe kuxi gakpɔtɔ le sesẽm ŋutɔ le welding me hã la, esi mɔ̃ɖaŋununya do ŋgɔ ta la, eteƒe madidi o, mɔnu yeyewo akpɔ PTFE ƒe vevesese teƒewo gbɔ eye woatsɔ PTFE ade agble vovovo siwo keke ta wu me.
