Yakachengeteka Sei Teflon Mumicheka?

Sevatengi, tinogara tichitsvaga zvigadzirwa zvinovandudza hupenyu hwedu. Imwe hunyanzvi hwakadaro kushandisa Teflon mumachira, inopembererwa nekuda kwayo inodzivirira mavara uye inoshandiswa semudziviriri wemachira. Zvakadaro, mubvunzo unowanzo kumuka: 'Teflon yakachengeteka zvakadii mumachira?' Ngationgororei nyaya iyi zvakadzama.

Pasi pedenga rine nyeredzi, vatakuri, vanokwira, uye vashandi vemauto zvakafanana vakavimba negamba rakavanzwa kudzivirira kubva kune zvinhu: PTFE jira. Iri jira rinoshamisa, rinopembererwa nekusapindirana nemvura kwaro, kufema, uye kusaramba kusvibiswa, oiri, uye makemikari, rakadzivirira chinyararire vafambi vasingaverengeki kubva munzvimbo dzakaoma nemamiriro ekunze.

Zvisinei, haisi yose inopenya igoridhe. Muna 2019, chinyorwa chinonzi 'Mvura Nhema' chakapenda gamba iri mune mwenje wakashata, richifumura njodzi dzingangove dzakavanda pasi pekudzivirira kwayo. Kusava nechokwadi uye kushushikana zvakazadza veruzhinji, vazhinji vavo vakatanga kusava nechokwadi nezvekuchengetedzwa kwekupfeka mbatya dzakagadzirwa kubva muchinhu ichi. Sangano reInternational Carcinogen Agency rakazoisa PTFE seKirasi 2B carcinogen, chikamu chinozevezera nezvenjodzi dzingangoitika asi isingadaidzire.

Nhasi, isu tinotanga kutsvaga kwedu: kuburitsa chokwadi kuseri kweTeflon inopenya facade uye kuona, kamwe uye zvachose, kana uyu muchengeti wepamusoro wekunze akachengeteka sekutaura kwenhaka yake.

Teflon: Nhanganyaya

Teflon izita remhando yemhando yepolymer inozivikanwa sepolytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Icho chinhu chinowanzo zivikanwa pakushandiswa kwayo mumapani asina tsvimbo, uye muindasitiri yemachira, Teflon inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzira machira emvura uye anodzivirira tsvina.

Murabhoritari yepaDuPont muUnited States, 1938, Dr. Roy Plunkett vakasangana nechimwe chinhu chavakanga vasingatarisiri. Chakabuda chaiva chinhu chakatsetseka cheupfu, chakazonzi Teflon. Uku kupfekedzwa kweTeflon, kunonzi zviri pamutemo polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), yairatidzika kunge isina kuzvikudza. Asi chitarisiko chinogona kunyengera.

Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, mune zvayo, inozvirumbidza yakasarudzika chimiro. Iyo polymer yayo ine kabhoni uye fluorine, zvichikonzera kushamisa kwayo kemikari inertia. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, izvi zvinoreva kuti hazvisanganise zvakanaka nemakemikari anoparadza. Pane kudaro, inomira yakasimba, ichiramba kuita kana kuodza.

Mumwe angabvunza kuti, 'Sei zvine basa?' Apa ndipo pazvinopenya. Munyika izere nezvinhu zvinonamatira, zvinonamira, kana kuti chisungo, Teflon inoramba isina hanya. Uyu hunhu husina-tsvimbo, hwakasanganiswa neimwe yeakaderera coefficients yekukweshana, inoita kuti ive yakanaka kune yakavharwa cookware. Saka, kana iwe ukagocha mazai iwayo emangwanani, anotsvedza zvisingaite kubva pani.

Asi, kunaka kweTeflon hakungori mukicheni chete. Tichifunga nezvekupisa kwayo kwakanyanya, maindasitiri munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana anoishandisa kune yakanyanya kupisa tembiricha. Muchokwadi, kushorwa kwayo kunoita kuti ive favourite yekuchengeta mamwe emakemikari ane hukasha.

Uyezve, kana ukabata nzvimbo yeTeflon, inonzwa ichitsvedza, nekuda kwechimiro chayo chakanaka. Mukugadzirisa kwemagetsi, maitiro ayo ekudzivirira anokosheswa, kudzivirira masekete uye zvishandiso kubva kumagetsi asingadiwi anoyerera.

Zvisinei, mari imwe neimwe ine mativi maviri. Kana yaiswa mukupisa kwakanyanya, PTFE yakavharwa cookware inogona kuburitsa utsi hwepolymer. Kashoma, asi utsi uhwu hunogona kutungamira ku 'polymer fume fever' muvanhu, mamiriro anoyeuchidza furuwenza. Shamwari dzedu dzine minhenga, shiri dzinopfuyiwa, dzinogona kunyanya kunetseka kune aya mapolymer fumes.

Munguva yekugadzira kwayo, mumwe mumvuri unomira: kushandiswa kweperfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Yakabatana nezvinetso zvehutano zvenguva refu, gakava pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwayo kwakava kwakanyanya. Vachiteerera izvi zvinonetsa, vagadziri muUnited States vakasarudza kubvisa PFOA kubva mukuita.

Mukupedzisa, ngano yaTeflon ndeimwe yekuvandudza uye kuchinjika. Kubva pakuwanikwa kwayo netsaona kusvika pakushandiswa kwakapararira, rwendo rwayo runotsikirira zvese zvinogoneka uye nekuipa kwezvinhu zvemazuva ano. Kufanana nezvinhu zvese, nepo zvichipa zvikomborero zvakakura, zviri kwatiri kuti tizvishandise nehungwaru.

Kuongorora Kuchengetedzeka: Kunzwisisa PFOA

Kwemakore, chengetedzo yeTeflon yanga iri nyaya inokakavadzana. Chakanyanya kunetseka chaive chisiri cheTeflon (PTFE) pachayo asi nezve komisheni inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwayo inonzi perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Ichi chinhu chakabatanidzwa kune dzakasiyana nyaya dzehutano, zvichikonzera kushushikana pakati pevatengi. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kubva muna 2013, nekuda kwehutano uye kushushikana kwezvakatipoteredza, vagadziri vakuru vakabvisa kushandiswa kwePFOA mukugadzirwa kweTeflon.

Teflon muMicheka Nhasi

Teflon yanhasi inoshandiswa mumachira inonyanya kunzi yakachengeteka, sezvo isisina PFOA. Iyo Teflon coating ndeye yakasimba jira inodzivirira, inobatsira zvinhu kuramba tsvina uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwechigadzirwa. Icho chinhu chinonyanya kufarirwa mugiya rekunze, upholstery, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinopfekwa nekubvaruka.

Pane Ngozi Dzipi Nedzipi?

Kunyangwe nekuchinja kubva kuPFOA, zvimwe zvinonetsa zvinoramba zviripo nezve kuchengetedzeka kweTeflon mumachira. Dambudziko guru rinomuka kana zvinhu zvacho zvinopisa kusvika pakupisa kwakanyanya (kupfuura 600 ° F/316 ° C), panguva iyo inogona kuburitsa utsi hunogona kukuvadza kana ukafemerwa. Nekudaro, pasi pemamiriro ekushandiswa akajairwa, machira akaputirwa neTeflon haasviki tembiricha idzi, zvichiita kuti njodzi ive isipo mukushandiswa kwemazuva ese.

Maonero Akadzikama

Teflon inoshandiswa mumachira kazhinji yakachengeteka kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva. Inopa akawanda mabhenefiti, anosanganisira stain resistance uye kuwedzera machira marefu. Nekudaro, sezvishandiso zvese, kunzwisisa zvivakwa zvavo uye mashandisiro chaiwo kwakakosha pakuchengetedza kuchengeteka. Zvinonetsa zvakasimudzwa munguva yakapfuura zvakakonzera shanduko yakakosha yekugadzira, zvichiita kuti Teflon yatinoshandisa nhasi ive yakachengeteka kupfuura nakare kose.

Rangarira, kugara uchiziva nezve zvigadzirwa zvatinoshandisa mazuva ese inhanho yakakosha pakuva vatengi vanoziva. Sezvo isu tichiramba tichikoshesa hutsva hunosimudzira hupenyu hwedu, tinofanirawo kusimudzira pachena uye kuchengetedzeka mune zvese zvikamu zvekugadzira nekushandiswa.