Iphephe Kangakanani I-Teflon Ezindwangu?

Njengabathengi, sihlala sicinga imikhiqizo ethuthukisa izinga lempilo yethu. Olunye uguquko olunjalo lusebenzisa i-Teflon ezindwangu, egujwa ngezinto zayo ezimelana namabala futhi isetshenziswa njengesivikelo sendwangu. Nokho, umbuzo uvame ukuvela: 'Iphephe kangakanani i-Teflon ezindwangu?' Ake sihlole lesi sihloko ngokujulile.

Ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka esikhanyayo, abapakishi, abaqwali, namasosha ngokufanayo baye bathembela eqhaweni elifihliwe ukuze bavikeleke ezintweni: Indwangu ye-PTFE. Le ndwangu emangalisayo, edunyiswa ngokungenakuqhathaniswa kwamanzi, ukuphefumula, nokumelana namabala, uwoyela, namakhemikhali, iye yavikela buthule abantu abaningi abazamazamayo ezindaweni nezimo zezulu ezinzima kakhulu.

Nokho, akukona konke okucwebezelayo okuyigolide. Ngo-2019, idokhumentari enesihloko esithi 'Amanzi Amnyama' yapenda leli qhawe ngokukhanya okubi nakakhulu, embula izingozi ezingaba khona ezicashe ngaphansi kokukhanya kwalo okulivikelayo. Ukungabaza nokukhathazeka kwagcwala umphakathi, iningi labo elaqala ukungabaza ukuphepha kokunikela ngezingubo ezenziwe ngale nto. I-International Carcinogen Agency kamuva yabeka i-PTFE njenge-carcinogen Yekilasi 2B, isigaba esihleba ngezingozi ezingaba khona kodwa esingamemezi nje kuphela.

Namuhla, siqala umkhankaso wethu: ukuveza amaqiniso ngemuva kocwephe lwe-Teflon olucwebezelayo kanye nokunquma, unomphela, ukuthi lo nogada wangaphandle ephephile yini njengoba izimangalo zefa lakhe.

I-Teflon: Isingeniso

I-Teflon yigama lomkhiqizo lohlobo lwe-polymer olwaziwa nge-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Iwumsebenzi ovame ukuqashelwa ngokusetshenziswa kwawo kumapani angagxili, futhi embonini yendwangu, i-Teflon isetshenziswa kakhulu ukwenza izindwangu zikwazi ukumelana namabala.

Elabhu e-DuPont e-United States, ngo-1938, uDkt. Roy Plunkett wafica okuthile ayengakulindele. Okwavela kwakuyimpuphu ecolekile, kamuva eyaqanjwa ngokuthi iTeflon. Le ngxube ye-Teflon, ebizwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), yayibukeka ingenasici. Kodwa ukubukeka kungakhohlisa.

I-Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, empeleni, inesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele. I-polymer yayo iqukethe i-carbon ne-fluorine, okuholela ekungabini kwayo kwamakhemikhali okuphawulekayo. Kalula nje, lokhu kusho ukuthi ayihlangani kahle namakhemikhali abolayo. Kunalokho, imile iqinile, iyenqaba ukusabela noma ukugqwala.

Omunye angase abuze, 'Kungani lokho kubalulekile?' Nakhu lapho kukhanya khona. Ezweni eligcwele izinto ezinamathelayo, ezinamathelayo, noma ezihlanganisayo, i-Teflon ihlala ingenandaba. Lo mlingisi onganamatheli, ohlanganiswe nenye yama-coefficients aphansi kakhulu wokungqubuzana, uwenza afaneleke ezitsheni eziboshiwe. Ngakho-ke, uma uthosa lawo maqanda asekuseni, ashelela kalula epanini.

Noma kunjalo, ukufaneleka kweTeflon akugcini nje ekhishini. Ngokunikezwa ukumelana kwayo nokushisa okuphezulu, izimboni ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ziyisebenzisela ukusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Eqinisweni, ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo kuyenza intandokazi yokugcina amanye amakhemikhali anolaka kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uthinta indawo ye-Teflon, izwakala ishelela, ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esihle. Ekusethweni kukagesi, izakhiwo zayo zokuvikela i-insulating ziyaziswa, zivikela ama-circuits namadivayisi ekugelezeni kukagesi okungafuneki.

Nokho, uhlamvu lwemali ngalunye lunezinhlangothi ezimbili. Uma ingaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu, i-PTFE coated cookware ingakhipha intuthu ye-polymer. Akuvamile, kodwa le ntuthu ingaholela 'kumkhuhlane we-polymer fume fever' kubantu, isimo esikhumbuza umkhuhlane. Abangane bethu abanezimpaphe, izinyoni ezifuywayo, bangazwela kakhulu kulawa mafutha e-polymer.

Phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, esinye isithunzi siyavela: ukusetshenziswa kwe-perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Ngokuxhunyaniswa nokukhathazeka kwezempilo kwesikhathi eside, impikiswano ngokuphepha kwayo yaba nkulu. Ngokulalela lezi zinkathazo, abakhiqizi e-United States banquma ukukhipha i-PFOA kule nqubo.

Sengiphetha, inganekwane kaTeflon ingeyokuqamba izinto ezintsha nokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Kusukela ekutholakaleni kwayo ngengozi kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kabanzi, uhambo lwayo lugcizelela kokubili amandla nezingibe zezinto zesimanje. Njengazo zonke izinto, nakuba inikeza izinzuzo ezinkulu, kukithi ukuthi siyisebenzise ngokuhlakanipha.

Ukuhlola Ukuphepha: Ukuqonda i-PFOA

Sekuyiminyaka, ukuphepha kwe-Teflon kube yisihloko esishisayo. Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko kwakungekhona nge-Teflon (PTFE) ngokwayo kodwa mayelana nenhlanganisela esetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni kwayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Le nto iye yaxhunyaniswa nezindaba ezahlukahlukene zezempilo, okubangela igagasi lokukhathazeka phakathi kwabathengi. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kusukela ngo-2013, ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwezempilo nemvelo, abakhiqizi abakhulu bakuyekile ukusetshenziswa kwe-PFOA ekukhiqizeni i-Teflon.

I-Teflon ngezindwangu Namuhla

I-Teflon yanamuhla esetshenziswa ezindwangu ibhekwa njengephephile, njengoba ingasaqukethe i-PFOA. I-Teflon coating iyisivikelo sendwangu esiqinile, esiza izinto zokwakha ukuthi zimelane namabala futhi zelule ubude bokuphila komkhiqizo. Kuyisici esithakaselwa kakhulu egiyeni langaphandle, i-upholstery, nezinye izinto ezingase ziguge.

Ingabe Zikhona Izingozi?

Naphezu kokusuka kude ne-PFOA, ezinye izinkathazo zihlala ngokuphepha kweTeflon ezindwangu. Inkinga enkulu iphakama lapho okokusebenza kushiselwa kumazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-600°F/316°C), lapho kungase kudedele intuthu engaba yingozi uma ihogeliwe. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa, izindwangu ezinamekwe nge-Teflon azifinyeleli kulawa mazinga okushisa, okwenza ubungozi bungabi khona ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke.

Umbono Olinganiselayo

Teflon esetshenziswa izindwangu ngokuvamile iphephile ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke. Inikeza izinzuzo eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukumelana namabala kanye nokwenyuka kobude bendwangu. Kodwa-ke, njengazo zonke izinto zokwakha, ukuqonda izakhiwo zazo kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha. Ukukhathazeka okuvezwe esikhathini esidlule kuholele ezinguqukweni ezibalulekile zokukhiqiza, okwenza i-Teflon esiyisebenzisa namuhla iphephe kunangaphambili.

Khumbula, ukuhlala unolwazi ngemikhiqizo esiyisebenzisa nsuku zonke kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekubeni abathengi abaqaphelayo. Njengoba siqhubeka nokwazisa izinto ezintsha ezithuthukisa izimpilo zethu, kufanele futhi silwele ukubeka izinto obala nokuphepha kuzo zonke izici zokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa.