Iphephe kangakanani i-teflon ezindwangu?

Njengabathengi, sihlala sisesha imikhiqizo ethuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yethu. Okukodwa okunjalo kusetshenziswa iTeflon ezindwangu, kugujwa ngezakhiwo zalo ezingamelana nebala futhi zisetshenziswa njengovikele wendwangu. Kodwa-ke, umbuzo uvame ukuvela: 'Iphephe kangakanani i-teflon ezindwangu? ' Ake sihlole lesi sihloko ngokujulile.

Ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka se-Starlit, ama-Backpackers, abakhweli, kanye nabasebenzi bezempi okufanayo bathembele eqenjini elifihlekile ukuze livikeleke ezintweni: indwangu ye-PTFE. Le ndwangu emangazayo, egujwa ngenxa yokungangeni kwayo okungenakuqhathaniswa, ukuphefumula kanye nokumelana namabala, uwoyela namakhemikhali, kuvule ama-adverar abuthuntu aqhakaza ama-adverar anesithunzi nasekulimaleni.

Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke abakhazimula yigolide. Ngo-2019, idokhumenti enesihloko esithi '' Amanzi Amnyama Ukungabaza kanye nokukhathazeka kwagcwala umphakathi, abaningi babo baqala ukungabaza ukuphepha kwezingubo zoMnikeni ezenziwe ngale ndaba. I-International Carcinogen Agency e-PTFE ehlukaniswe i-PTFE njenge-Class 2B Carcinogen, isigaba esihlekisayo sezingozi ezingaba khona kepha asimemeze ngokuphelele.

Namuhla, siqala ukufunwa kwezethu: ukwembula amaqiniso ngemuva kwe-teflon's shimmering facade futhi unqume, uma lo mgcini we-Great ngaphandle uphephile njengoba amafa alo aphephile.

Teflon: Isingeniso

I-Teflon igama lomkhiqizo lohlobo lwe-polymer eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Kuyinto esetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuhlelo lokusebenza kumapani ase-nonstick, nasembonini yezindwangu, i-teflon isetshenziswa kabanzi ukwenza izindwangu zamanzi kanye nokungamelana nebala.

Kwelebhu eDuPont e-United States, ngo-1938, uDkt Roy Plunkett wakhubeka kokuthile okungalindelekile. Okuvelile kwakuyinto enhle eyimpuphu, kamuva yaqanjwa nge-teflon. Le nhlanganisela ye-teflon, ebizwa ngokusemthethweni ngokusemthethweni polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ibukeka ingazi lutho. Kepha ukubukeka kungakhohlisa.

Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, emseleni wayo, uqhosha isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele. I-polymer yayo iqukethe ikhabhoni ne-fluorine, okuholele ekutheni i-inertia yayo yamakhemikhali emangalisayo. Kalula nje, lokhu kusho ukuthi akuhlanganisi kahle namakhemikhali awonakalisayo. Esikhundleni salokho, ime ngokuqinile, yenqaba ukusabela noma i-corlode.

Umuntu angabuza, 'Kungani le ndaba? ' Nakhu lapho kukhanya khona. Emhlabeni ogcwele izinto ezinamathela, induku, noma isibopho, i-teflon ihlala ingenandaba. Lo mlingiswa onganamatheli, uhlanganiswe nenye yama-coefficients aphansi kakhulu wengxabano, yenza kube yinto elungele i-cooraware ehlanganisiwe. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthobeka lawo maqanda asekuseni, aslayida ngokungazeleli epanini.

Kodwa-ke, ukufaneleka kukaTeflon akugcini nje ngokuvalelwa ekhishini. Njengoba kunikezwe ukumelana okuphezulu okuphezulu, izimboni kulo lonke elakude zikusebenzisa izicelo zokushisa eziphakeme. Eqinisweni, ukumelana kwalo ukugqwala kwenza kube yintandokazi yokugcina amanye amakhemikhali anolaka kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uthinta indawo ye-teflon, izizwa ishelelezi, ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esihle. Ekuhlelweni kukagesi, izakhiwo zayo ezifaka amandla ziyigugu, zivikela amasekethe namadivayisi ekuhambeni kukagesi okungafuneki.

Kodwa-ke, lonke uhlamvu lwemali lunezinhlangothi ezimbili. Uma ngaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu, i-coorare ehlanganisiwe ye-PTFE ingakhipha ama-polymer fumes. Kuyivelakancane, kepha le ntuthu ingaholela ku 'polymer futue fever ' ebantwini, isikhumbuzo somkhuhlane. Abangani bethu abanezinwele, izinyoni zezilwane zasekhaya, zingazwela kakhulu kulezi zinhlamvu ze-polymer.

Ngesikhathi senqubo yayo yokukhiqiza, enye i-Shadow Soms: ukusetshenziswa kwe-pumpluorooctanooctanooctanoic acid (PFOA). Exhumene nezinkinga zempilo yesikhathi eside, impikiswano ngokuphepha kwayo yaba kakhulu. Ukulalela lezi zinkathazo, abakhiqizi e-United States bathathe isinqumo sokukhipha i-PFOA kusuka kwinqubo.

Ekuphetheni, inganekwane kaTeflon ingenye yezinto ezintsha nokuvumelana nezimo. Ukusuka ekutholweni kwayo ngengozi ekusetshenzisweni kwayo okubanzi, uhambo lwalo lugcizelela zombili lezi zingcweti zezinto zesimanje. Njengazo zonke izinto, kuyilapho inikeza izinzuzo ezinkulu, kukithi ukuyisebenzisa ngobuhlakani.

Ukuhlola Ukuphepha: Ukuqonda PFOA

Kwaphela iminyaka, ukuphepha kwe-teflon kube yisihloko esiphikiswana kakhulu. Ukukhathazeka okuyisisekelo kwakungelona nge-teflon (PTFE) uqobo kodwa ngekhompiyutha esetshenziselwe ukukhiqizwa kwayo okubizwa ngeFumpluorooctanoctanoctanoc Acid (PFOA). Le nto ixhunyaniswe nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene zezempilo, ibangela ukukhathazeka kwabathengi. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kusukela ngo-2013, ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwezempilo kanye nokukhathazeka kwezemvelo, abakhiqizi abakhulu bakhipha ukusetshenziswa kwePFOA ekukhiqizweni kweTeflon.

Teflon ezindwangu namuhla

I-teflon yanamuhla esetshenzisiwe ezindwangu inyuke kakhulu ibhekwa njengephephile, njengoba ingasenakuqukethe i-PFOA. I-Teflon Coating ingumbukeli wendwangu obuqinile, ukusiza izinto zokwakha zimelana namabala futhi kunwebe isikhathi eside. Kuyisici esaziswa ikakhulukazi kumagiya angaphandle, upholstery, nezinye izinto ngokuya ngokugqoka nokuklebhula.

Ngabe kukhona izingozi?

Ngaphandle kokusuka kude ne-PFOA, ezinye zikhathazeka ngokuvimbela ngokuphepha kweTeflon ezindwangu. Inkinga enkulu iphakama lapho okuqukethwe kufuthelwe amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu (ngaphezu kwama-600 ° F / 316 ° C), lapho kungakhipha khona intuthu engaba yingozi uma kufakwa ngaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa, izindwangu ezihlanganiswe nge-teflon azifinyeleli la mazinga okushisa, okwenza ubungozi obungabi nalutho ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke.

Umbono olinganiselayo

I-Teflon isetshenziswe ezindwangu ngokuvamile iphephile ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke. Inikeza izinzuzo eziningi, kufaka phakathi ukumelana ne-stain kanye nokwanda kwendwangu isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, njengazo zonke izinto zokwakha, ukuqonda izakhiwo zabo nokusetshenziswa okulungile kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha. Ukukhathazeka okuphakanyiswe esikhathini esedlule kuholele ekuguqukeni okubalulekile kokukhiqiza, okwenza i-teflon esiyisebenzise namuhla iphephile kunangaphambili.

Khumbula, ukuhlala unolwazi ngemikhiqizo esiyisebenzisa nsuku zonke iyisinyathelo esiyisisekelo sokuba abathengi abaziyo. Njengoba siqhubeka nokubazisa izinto ezintsha ezithuthukisa izimpilo zethu, kufanele futhi sithuthukise obala ukucaca kanye nokuphepha kuzo zonke izici zokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa.