Lapi ra PTFE ra mahiselo yale henhla ritshamisekile kuya fika eka 300°C, kambe eka ndzilo ri bola naswona ri humesa tigasi letingana chefu swinene: hydrogen fluoride (HF) (corrosive, pulmonary edema) na perfluoroisobutylene (PFIB) (leyi nga riki na muhlovo, yingari na nun’hwelo, ~10x leyingana chefu kutlula phosgene, kungari na antidote). Nakambe khaboni monokisayidi, masalela ya PFOA, na ti trace dioxins. Swisirhelelo leswi tolovelekeke swa musi a swi tirhi; tirhisa switirhisiwa swo hefemula leswi tiyimeleke (SCBA). Swikombiso swi nga ha hlwela.

PTFE high-temperature fabric (PTFE-coated fiberglass) yikahle swinene eka microwave heating hikuva yi hundzisela ti microwaves handle ko tswonga eneji, yi lwisana na 260°C, naswona yina xivumbeko lexi nga namarheliki. Switirhisiwa swikatsa ti microwave baking mats, ti industrial dryer conveyor belts, ti reactor linings ta ku gayela ti khemikhali, na ti microwave popcorn bag liners. Tigredi ta FDA leti kumekaka eka ku hlangana na swakudya.

Lapi ra mahiselo yale henhla ya PTFE (PTFE-coated fiberglass) rina ku tiya ka flex lokunga kahle hikuva substrate ya fiberglass hi ntumbuluko yi brittle. Malapi yo olova (0.08mm) ya hanya eka madzana kuya eka magidi ya ku peta; ti grade to tika (>0.25mm) ti pandzeka endzhaku ka makume. Satin weave yi tlula plain weave. Eka ku gombonyoka loku yaka emahlweni ka reciprocating, languta filimi ya PTFE leyi tiyeke kumbe lapi leri sekeriweke eka aramid ematshan’wini ya sweswo.

Lapi ra mahiselo yale henhla ya PTFE (PTFE-coated fiberglass) ritirhisiwa ngopfu eka ku kandziyisa swiambalo na ku daya eka mabandhi yo gandlisa yo hundzisela ku hisa (180-230°C), swifunengeto swa tafula ro gandlisa hi xikirini, mabandhi ya mesh yo omisa, mabandhi ya muchini wo fusa, na ku phutsela hi roller. Vuandlalo bya yona lebyi nga namarheli byi sivela masalela ya inki/adhesive, leswi hungutaka nkarhi wo basisa na ku antswisa khwalithi ya malapi. Mabandhi lama nga heriki lama nga riki na swirhabyani ma endla leswaku ku va ni vuhumelerisi lebyi yaka emahlweni.

PTFE lapi ra mahiselo yale henhla (PTFE-coated fiberglass) i xitirhisiwa xo sefa xa xiyimo xale henhla eka swiyimo swo tika: ku susiwa ka ntshuri wa gasi ya flue (semende, ku hisiwa ka thyaka, ti boilers ta malahla kuya fika eka 260°C), ku sefiwa ka mati lawa ya onhaka (acids, alkalis, oils), ku sefa ka swakudya/murhi leswinga sterile, na swisefo swa HEPA cleanroom. Xiphemu lexi nga namarheliki xi sivela ku caking ka ntshuri naswona swipfumelela ku basisiwa hiku olova. Ti membrane-laminated grades ti fikelela ku humesiwa ka swilo swale hansi swinene.

Lapi ra mahiselo yale henhla ra PTFE ri hlayisa ku pfaleriwa ka gezi lokunene kusuka eka -180°C kuya eka 260°C: volume resistivity >1013 Ω·cm eka 200°C, dielectric constant yitshamisekile eka 2.0-2.1. Ehenhla ka 260°C, PTFE ya olova, ya bola ehenhla ka 327°C, yi lahlekeriwa hi insulation hilaha kunga heriki. Ehansi ka 0°C, insulation ya antswisiwa kambe coating yi hundzuka brittle. Tshama endzeni ka 260°C kuva u kuma matirhelo yo tshembheka.

Lapi ra mahiselo yale henhla ya PTFE (PTFE-coated fiberglass) ri kahle swinene eka mabandhi yo fambisa swakudya hikokwalaho ka ku tiya ka rona ka 260°C eka kuhisa, -70°C ku olova ka xirhami, vuandlalo lebyi nga namarheliki, na ku landzelela FDA. Switirhisiwa swa nkoka: ti oven ta bakery (tibiscuit, xinkwa, pizza), switirhisiwa swo fambisa swakudya leswi oxiweke, tilayini to kufumeta swilondza, tithanele to titimela, swisirhelelo swo hisa, na ku phutsela hi roller. Swi hunguta ku tlanga hi nkarhi na nkarhi wo basisa.

Calendering – ku tshikelela lapi leri funengetiweke hi PTFE exikarhi ka ti mirror rollers leti hisiweke eka 360-380°C – swi cinca swinene xivumbeko xa le henhla, swivumbeko swa ku humesiwa, ku nga ngheni, na matirhelo ya michini. Yi hunguta ku khwaxa kusuka eka Ra 0.5-1.0 μm kuya eka <0.05 μm, yi pfala ti pinholes, yi antswisa ku tiya ka ku onhaka, kambe yi hunguta matimba yo handzuka xikan’we naku olova. I swa nkoka eka ti release liners na ku pfaleriwa ka gezi.

Fiberglass weave pattern – plain, twill, kumbe satin – yi khumba swinene swivumbeko swa lapi ra mahiselo yale henhla ya PTFE. Satin weave yinyika matimba yale henhla swinene ya tear (2-3x plain) xikan’we naku olova, leswinga kahle eka dynamic bending. Plain weave yinyika kutshamiseka ka kahle swinene ka dimensional xikan’we naku namarhela ka peel, leswi faneleke eka switirhisiwa swa static. Twill yi ringanisela swivumbeko hinkwaswo leswaku swi tirhisiwa hi ku angarhela.

Kufana ka ku peta ka lapi ra mahiselo yale henhla ya PTFE swikumiwa hi swilo swa mune: ku endliwa ka ku peta (sayizi ya ti particle 0.15-0.35 μm, viscosity, solid content), endlelo ro peta & sintering (ku peta ka blade ku tsakeriwa kuva kufana), khwalithi ya substrate (weave pattern, pre-treatment), na ndzhawu ya vuhumelerisi (20-25°C, <60% RH). Dip + blade combined process yi ringanisela ku nghena na ku olova ka le henhla.