Ichi chinyorwa chinobata mashandisirwo eTeflon high-temperature jira (PTFE-yakavharwa fiberglass jira) mumunda wemuchadenga. Nzvimbo dzekushandisa dzakakosha: Kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasanganiswa - kuburitsa jira / firimu mu autoclave molding, yekuzviparadzanisa nekuisa, yakakwirira-tembiricha mabhandi ekutakura prepreg kugadzirwa; Injini uye yakakwirira-yekushisa yekudzivirira kwekushisa - magumbeze ekudzivirira kupisa, firewall cladding, flexible high-temperature connections; Kudzivirirwa kwemagetsi uye kudzivirira kwewaya - kuputira tambo mumakamuri einjini uye magiya ekumhara; Mukati mendege nekudzivirira moto — maketeni emoto/zvinovharira utsi zvinosangana neFST mipimo, thermal/acoustic insulation blanket blanket; Space uye aerospace application - akawanda-layer insulation (MLI) magungano, anti-kutonhora-weld lubrication liners ye solar panel deployment masisitimu uye antenna hinges, thermal control jira.

Ichi chinyorwa chinotsanangura kuti PTFE yekuputira sei mabhondi kune fiberglass jira substrate muTeflon yakakwirira-tembiricha jira. Yakananga makemikari bonding haigoneki nekuda kwePTFE's Ultra-yakaderera pamusoro pesimba. Kubatana kunowanikwa kuburikidza ne: Mechanical interlocking (physical bonding) - PTFE emulsion inopinda mabheji efiber uye inobata fiber bundles mushure mekucheka; Silane coupling agent pretreatment - inoumba molecular bridge pakati pe inorganic glass fibers uye organic primer; Chemical primer transition layer - uchishandisa PAI, PPS, PES kana PEEK resin ine PTFE micropowder, inoiswa mushure mekubatanidza kurapwa kugadzira yakasimba shanduko layer; Hot-melt adhesive film lamination - FEP kana PFA films (melting point 260-310 ° C) bond pre-formed PTFE films to fabric; Gradient chimiro kuburikidza neakawanda impregnation uye sintering cycles - dilute yekutanga pass ine binder/coupling agent inopinda yakadzika mumafiber, ichiteverwa neyakachena PTFE impregnations, ichigadzira compositional gradient kubva pafiberglass kuenda kuPTFE yakachena.

Ichi chinyorwa chinotarisa maitiro eiyo microporous chimiro dhizaini yeinofema Teflon (PTFE) yakakwirira-tembiricha tepi inoyera kupindirana kwemhepo nekudzivirira uye kusanamatira zvivakwa. Kupokana kwepakati: kupinza kwemhepo kunoda mapores akavhurika, nepo insulation ichida kuwanda uye isiri-tsvimbo inoda nzvimbo dzakatsetseka. Kuenzanisa magadzirirwo mazano: kudzora avhareji pore dhayamita (0.1-2μm, zvakanaka <0.5μm) kudzivirira kunyunguduka kupinda uye kuchengetedza kuparara voltage; kudzora porosity pa 50-70% (≈60% yakakwana) kubudirira Gurley 20-100s / 100cc uye dielectric simba ≥2kV ye0.13mm firimu; tora yakakwirira-tortuosity 3D network pore chimiro (τ≈2.5-4) kudzvanyirira yakatwasuka-kuburikidza nekuburitsa nzira; kuvaka asymmetric gradient pore chimiro chine dense pamusoro peganda layer (1-5μm) kune isiri-tsvimbo / insulation uye ine porous yemukati yekufema; shandisa super-oleophobic/hydrophobic surface post-treatment pasina pore blockage.

Ichi chinyorwa chinopa mhinduro dzakarongeka dzekudzivirira masara ekunamatira uye kubuda kweropa kana uchishandisa PTFE yakakwirira-tembiricha tepi kuchengetedza PCB zvigunwe zvegoridhe panguva yeSMT musangano. Root chikonzero chekuongorora: zvakasara zvinoitika kubva pakukundikana kwakabatana kana kutamisa kwemukati; kubuda ropa kunoitika kubva pakudonha kweviscosity uye kunamira kunofashukira pasi pekupisa kwekuyerera. Mushonga wepakati wakakodzera tepi kusarudzwa: silicone PSA ine peak yenguva pfupi ≥300 ° C, inoenderera ≥260 ° C, yakazara ukobvu 0.08-0.13mm ine yakatetepa yakakwirira-yakabatana adhesive layers, uye anti-kubuda ropa / kusasara-isina chitupa. Nhanho-nhanho yekudzora maitiro: pre-lamination kuchenesa ne IPA; zero-tension lamination ine full air evacuation; optimized reflow tembiricha mbiri nekudziisa zvinyoro (<2°C/s); kutonhora kunoputika pasi pe50 ° C pa 180 ° angle; kukurumidza kugadzirisa mukati maawa makumi maviri nemana uye kamwe-kushandisa chete; kutadza kubata ne IPA kupukuta uye 40-50x magnifier kuongorora. Kune maPCB ane mativi maviri, tsiva nematepi matsva pamberi pechipiri chekugadzirisa.

Ichi chinyorwa chinopa nhungamiro yakarongeka pakudzivirira wrinkles paPTFE yakakwirira-tembiricha jira panguva sintering. Makwinya anonyanya kukonzerwa nekusaenzana kwekushisa shrinkage uye kusagadzikana kusagadzikana. Mhinduro dzinovhara kuzara kwebasa: raw material substrate control (yakazara dewaxing / kupisa kuisa kubvisa kushushikana kwemukati); impregnation uye kuomeswa (akawanda akaonda machira, zvinyoro tembiricha gradient, inoshanda drive rollers); sintering furnace control (1-3% overfeed for thermal shrinkage allowance, yakavharwa-loop micro-tension control, transverse tembiricha kufanana mukati me ± 5 ° C, gradient preheating-sintering-kutonhora curve, air-flotation furnaces seyakakwana mhinduro, curved spreader rollers); kutonhora nekugadzirisa (zvishoma nezvishoma kutonhora kunononoka, chengetedza kupararira kusvika pasi pe100 ° C, kutonhora kuzere kusati kwapera); Kutarisisa pamhepo nekutarisa kwakasimba kwechiedza uye infrared scanning.

Ichi chinyorwa chinobata kutonhora chiyero zvinodiwa panguva yePTFE yakakwirira-tembiricha jira sintering. Mushure mekupisa pa 380-400 ° C, jira rinofanira kukurumidza kupfuura nepakati pe 310-315 ° C crystallization-sensitive zone. Inokurudzirwa kutonhora chiyero ingangoita 30-50 ° C / min (jira rakatetepa rinogona kuwana 100-200 ° C / min kuburikidza nemhepo kutonhora). Kukurumidza kutonhora (kudzima) kunogadzira yakaderera crystallinity (45-50%), ichiburitsa yakapfava, yakaoma machira ane nzvimbo yakatsetseka, kunamatira kwakasimba, kuita kwakanakisa kusingabatike, uye kuramba delamination uye kuputika. Kunonoka kutonhora (kutonhora kwechoto) kunoguma nehupamhi hwekristaro (60-70%), zvichikonzera kuomarara, brittle coatings inowanzoita shrinkage, peeling uye microcracks.

Ichi chinyorwa chinofananidza kamuri-tembiricha uye yakakwirira-tembiricha maturation yesilicone pressure-sensitive adhesive yePTFE tepi. High-temperature maturation (120-180 ° C) inogadzira dense crosslinked network ine simba rakasimba rakabatana, kudzivirira zvakasara zvakanamatira mushure mekusvuura. Iyo inoumba makemikari anchoring zvisungo nePTFE substrates kuburikidza ne primer co-kurapa, kubvisa delamination njodzi. High-temperature maturation inobvisawo low-molecular volatiles isati yasununguka, kudzivirira kuputika uye kusvibiswa kwesilicone mafuta panguva yekutanga kupisa.

Iri gwara rinovhara PTFE yakakwirira-tembiricha tepi kusarudzwa kwejekiseni rekugadzira dhizaini uye anti-stick application. Kusarudzwa kwekushisa-based: ≤260 ° C kune mapurasitiki akawanda (standard silicone PSA tape, 0.13-0.18mm); 260-300 ° C yepamusoro-tembiricha engineering mapurasitiki sePC, PA66, POM (yakakwirira-temp silicone adhesive, 0.18-0.25mm); 300-400 ° C yePEEK, LCP, PPS pedyo nevamhanyi vanopisa (tepi yekunamatira inokundikana; shandisa jira risina pepa rePTFE kana PFA firimu). Material-based sarudzo: tacky zvinhu zvinoda yakakwirira-kuburitswa yakachena PTFE nzvimbo; girazi/mineral yakazadzwa zvinhu zvinoda inorema-basa 0.25mm+ kupfeka-resistant tepi; corrosive additives inoda makemikari anonamira uye dense substrate; static-sensitive applications inoda anti-static black PTFE tepi.

Mucheka wepamusoro wePTFE wepamusoro-tembiricha unogadzirwa nekuputira PTFE pane yakakwirira-simba refiberglass jira, rinopa simba rakasimba, kusapisa kupisa, kusanamatira zvimiti, makemikari kuramba, uye kuderera kwakaderera. Zvishandiso zvakakosha zvinosanganisira: kufambiswa kweindasitiri (kupisa kupisa kudikitira, kubika chikafu, machira ekuomesa, mapepa/kuomesa firimu); composite molding kuburitsa jira uye inopisa yekutsikisa cushion liners; welding ekudzivirira maketeni uye thermal insulation jackets; motokari yemagetsi uye transformer insulation; kuvaka mabhengi ekutsvedza uye zvinotsigira pombi; kemikari kusefa uye kuvhara vharafu munzvimbo dzinoora. Yakakwira tensile simba inovimbisa kusimba pasi pekunetsekana, kubvaruka, kudzokororwa kuchinjika, uye yakakwirira-tembiricha yekushushikana kwemagetsi pane izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinorema-basa kunyorera.

Panguva yekunyungudika, tFE zvidimbu pajira refiberglass zvinonyunguduka pamusoro pe327°C, zvichiparadza cheni yakapetwa-cheni lamellae uye miganhu kuti iite amorphous kunyungudika. Pakutonhora, PTFE inodzokorora kuita spherulites inoumbwa neradially oriented lamellae, ine crystallinity inotangira 50-70%. Chiyero chekutonhodza chinogadzirisa kukwana kwekristaro: kunonoka kutonhora kunopa crystallinity yakakwirira, spherulites yakakura, kuoma kukuru; kukurumidza kudzima kunopa yakanakisa spherulites uye yakagadziridzwa kuchinjika.