I.HeatTreatment/Dewaxing

1.Purpose:Tocompletelyremoveorganicsubstancessuchasparaffinwaxandoilsfromthefibersurface,therebybreakingthebarrierlayerbetweentheresinandtheglassfiber.

2.Method:Thefiberglassfabricisheatedcontinuouslyorinbatchesinanovenat300°C–450°C.Ifthetemperatureistoolow,dewaxingwillbeincomplete;ifthetemperatureistoohighorthedurationistoolong,thefiberstrengthwillbeseverelydamaged.

3.JudgmentcriteriaforPTFEhigh-temperaturefabricmanufacturers:Thetreatedfabricsurfaceshouldappearwhiteorslightlytan.Theresidualsizingcontentistypicallyrequiredtobelessthan0.2%,yieldingwhatisknownas"heat-dewaxedfabric"or"heat-treatedfabric."

II.SurfaceChemicalTreatment

1.Corestep:Couplingagenttreatment.Commonlyusedsilanecouplingagents(e.g.,KH-550,KH-560,A-174,etc.)areapplied.Theheat-dewaxedfiberglassfabricisimmersedinalow-concentrationaqueouscouplingagentsolution,followedbydryingtoallowthecouplingagenttocondenseandcureonthefibersurface,formingarobustchemicalfilm.

2.Note:Manycommerciallyavailablefiberglassfabricswithreinforcedsizingagents(e.g.,fabricswovenfromdirectroving)alreadyhavethistreatmentcompletedatthefactory,inwhichcasethisstepmaybeomitted.However,thisshouldbeverified.

III.DryingandPreheating

1.Drying/Moistureremoval:Fiberglassfabricishighlyhygroscopic.Beforeimpregnation,itmustbedriedat80°C–120°Cfor1–2hourstoreducethemoisturecontenttobelow0.1%.Thetreatedfabricshouldbeusedimmediatelyorstoredinadesiccatortopreventreabsorptionofmoisture.Moisturewillvaporizeduringcuring,leadingtobubbles,voids,andweakenedinterfacialbonding.

2.Preheating:Notmandatory,butcommonlyusedinprocessessuchaspultrusion,filamentwinding,andRTM(resintransfermolding).Thepurposeistopreventasuddenviscosityincreaseoftheresinuponcontactwithcoldfabric,whichwouldimpairwet-out.Thepreheatingtemperatureistypically40°C–60°C.

IV.CuttingandSurfaceCleaning

1.Cutting:Cutaccordingtothedesigneddimensionsandlay-upangles,andensurethatlooseyarnsatthecutedgesareremovedcleanly.

2.Cleaning:Removechipsanddustgeneratedduringcutting.Forhigh-demandapplicationssuchaselectricalinsulationortransparentproducts,thesurfaceshouldalsobewipedwithlint-freeclothsorblowncleanwithcompressedair.

3.Staticelimination:Indryenvironments,fiberglassfabrictendstogeneratestaticelectricitythatattractsdust.Itisrecommendedtousestatic-eliminationequipmentsuchasionairbars.

TheaboveinformationisprovidedbyJiangsuAokaiNewMaterialTechnologyCo.,Ltd.

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