Eli nqaku libandakanya indlela yokutshatisa isantya somatshini wokugquma kunye nobude be-oveni ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-organosilicone incamathele ifikelela kwiqondo lokunyanga ekujoliswe kuko kwiteyiphu ye-PTFE yobushushu obuphezulu. Umgaqo ongundoqo wokuthelekisa: ixesha lokuhlala lilonke t_total = ubude be-oveni obusebenzayo L ÷ isantya somgca v kufuneka singabi ngaphantsi kwexesha elifunekayo lokunyanga. Fumana iimpawu zonyango nge-DSC okanye iimvavanyo zokunyanga ezincamathelayo ezibonisa 'iqondo lobushushu - ixesha eliphantsi lokunyanga' ubudlelwane. Imodeli yonyango elinganayo eyongezelekayo: yahlula i-oveni ngokwemimandla, bala i-ti=Li/v kunye ne-tcure(Ti), qinisekisa ∑(ti/tcure(Ti)) ≥1. Iinkqubo zokubala: misela imimandla yobushushu enobude uLi kunye namaqondo obushushu Ti; seta isantya somgca v, ubale ixesha lokuhlala kwindawo nganye kunye nomlinganiselo wegalelo; phinda de kube iyonke ≥1 (umda wokhuseleko 1.1-1.2 ucetyiswa).

Eli nqaku libandakanya iindlela zokulawula ubukhazikhazi be-PTFE yokwambathisa kwilaphu leTeflon lobushushu obuphezulu. Ulawulo lwezinga lokupholisa lusebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwaye lusebenza kakhulu: Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza (ukucima) ngeekhethini zomoya obandayo, iirola zokupholisa okanye iitanki zamanzi - amatyathanga emolekyuli aqandisela ngaphambi kolungiselelo oluyalelweyo, enze iikristale ezincinci ezingafezekanga; I-coating ithambile, iqinile kunye nokusebenza kakuhle okungabambekiyo, ukuqina kancinci / ukuxhathisa ukunxiba. Ukupholisa okucothayo (i-annealing) ngokusebenzisa icandelo lokugcinwa kobushushu kwi-10-50 ° C / h okanye ukupholisa isithando somlilo - amakhonkco e-molecular alungelelaniswa ngokupheleleyo kwii-spherulites ezinkulu ezipheleleyo; I-coating inobunzima obuphezulu, ukuchasana kokunxiba okugqwesileyo, imilinganiselo ezinzileyo, ukuguquguquka okuncitshisiweyo kunye nokunyuka kwe-brittleness.

Eli nqaku libandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwelaphu leTeflon lobushushu obuphezulu kwiziko lokujikeleza komoya oshushu. Ukwenzeka: kusetyenziswe njenge-cushion engagxili kwiibhanti ze-mesh okanye iitreyi xa ukushisa kwesithando somlilo ≤260 ° C (ukushisa okuphantsi kobushushu, ukususwa kwe-binder, ukunyanga kwe-slurry) - kuphucula ukuchithwa kunye nokukhetha ukusebenza kakuhle. Ithintelwe ngokungqongqo kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi/aphezulu (300-950°C) — PTFE ibolisa ikhupha i-HF eyityhefu kunye ne-perfluoroisobutylene, izixhobo ezibolayo kwaye ibangele ityhefu ebulalayo. Umgaqo wokhuseleko: ukuba ukushisa kwesithando somlilo akucaci okanye akunakuqinisekiswa ngaphantsi kwe-260 ° C, ungasebenzisi. Iimpawu eziphambili: inkonzo eqhubekayo -70 ° C ukuya ku-260 ° C, ixesha elifutshane le-300 ° C; ukungabambeki okugqithisileyo kunye nokungangeni kweekhemikhali; ukugquma kombane okugqwesileyo; ukungqubana okuphantsi (~0.04); isiseko se-fiberglass sibonelela ngamandla aphezulu.

Eli nqaku lithelekisa iiyantlukwano phakathi kokufudumeza kwe-infrared radiation kunye ne-hot-air circulation ukufudumeza iindlela zokuphilisa kwi-crosslinked structure efanayo ye-adhesive layers ye-silicone. Iindlela zokuhambisa ubushushu: umoya oshushu uxhomekeke kwi-convection-conduction ngokunyuka kobushushu obuthambileyo, umahluko omncinci wangaphakathi / wangaphandle wobushushu; I-IR inobunzulu bokungena obulinganiselweyo kunye nokufunxa okuqinileyo komphezulu (amashumi ukuya kumakhulu eemicrometers) idala umnqantsa wokuthambeka komphezulu ukuya ngaphakathi. Iimpembelelo ekufanisweni kwe-crosslink: umoya oshushu wenza ukunyanga okuhambelanayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kunye nokuxinana kwe-crosslink efanayo; I-IR ibangela ukuba umaleko womphezulu wenze 'ifilimu yolusu' exineneyo ethintela ukwenziwa kobushushu kunye nokushukuma kwetsheyini yangaphakathi, idala ingxinano ye-crosslink eyehlayo ukusuka kumphezulu ukuya ngaphakathi.

Eli nqaku libandakanya iyantlukwano phakathi kwe-emulsions ye-PTFE eveliswa yi-polymerization yokunqunyanyiswa vs ukusasazeka kwepolymerization. Ingcaciso: ukumiswa kwepolymerization akukwazi ukuvelisa ngokuthe ngqo i-emulsion ye-PTFE; i-emulsion ye-PTFE yokwenyani ivela kuphela kwi-polymerization yokusasazwa. 'I-emulsion yendlela yokunqunyanyiswa' kukunqunyanyiswa kwamanzi okunqunyanyiswa komhlaba-polymerized resin micropowder. I-polymerization ye-Dispersion (i-emulsion yokuqala): i-spherical particles (0.1-0.3μm, ukusabalalisa okumxinwa), izinzile ngama-surfactants e-perfluorinated, ubunzima obuphezulu kakhulu be-molecular (> 94% crystallinity), i-fibrillation enamandla, idinga i-380 ° C sintering ukwenza ifilimu enzima eqhubekayo.

Eli nqaku liquka indlela yokutshatisa iqondo lobushushu lokubola kunye nesiqingatha sobomi be-peroxide crosslinking agents (BPO kunye neDCP) kunye nefestile yenkqubo yokunyanga yeTeflon tape. Idatha engundoqo: I-BPO - i-1-min-half-life in ~ 131 ° C, i-1-hr kwi- ~ 92 ° C, i-10-iyure kwi- ~ 72 ° C; DCP — 1-min at ~171°C, 1-hr at ~135°C, 10-hr at ~115°C. Ingqiqo ehambelanayo: i-adhesive idinga i-97-99% crosslinking = 5-7 isiqingatha-ubomi; ixesha lokuphilisa = 5-7 × isiqingatha-ubomi kwiqondo lokushisa elijoliswe kuyo. Ubushushu bokubala umva ukusuka kwixesha lokuhlala kumgca wemveliso okanye umva-bale ixesha ukusuka kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu elivumelekileyo.

Eli nqaku libandakanya uluhlu lwesantya somgca we-PTFE wobushushu obuphezulu belaphu lokuvelisa umgca wemveliso. Isantya esiqhelekileyo: i-2-15 m / min, uluhlu oluzinzile lokusebenza 3-8 m / min, iingubo ezincinci / imigca yesantya esiphezulu ukuya kwi-10-15 m / min. Izithintelo ezivela ekungeneni kokungena: ilaphu kufuneka lizaliswe ngokupheleleyo nge-PTFE emulsion ibe yifiber bundle yangaphakathi - isantya esiphezulu sibangela ukungabikho ngokwaneleyo, indlala ye-resin kunye nemicu eyomileyo; i-emulsion viscosity, ukugxininiswa kwezinto eziqinileyo, ukuxinana kwelaphu elilukiweyo konke kunciphisa izinga lokungena, kufuna isantya esicothayo kumalaphu ashinyeneyo/ ashinyeneyo. Ukugqithiswa kwe-Coating: iipasiti ezininzi (2-6+) ezifunekayo kwi-dense defect-free coating; ipasi yokuqala icotha kwi-ankile, ukupasa okulandelayo kunokongezwa ngokuphakathi.

Eli nqaku lithelekisa iiyantlukwano phakathi kokufudumeza kwemitha ye-infrared kunye nokufudumeza komoya oshushu kwi-crosslinked structure efanayo ye-adhesive layer ye-silicone. Iindlela zokuhambisa ubushushu: umoya oshushu yi-convection-conduction, ithambile kwaye iqhubela phambili, idala iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi; I-IR kukufunxa ngemitha ngokufunxa okunzulu komphezulu (i-micrometers ukuya kwi-millimeters) idala umnqantsa wokuthambeka komphezulu ukuya ngaphakathi. Iimpembelelo kwi-crosslink density distribution: i-hot-air ivumela iinxalenye zangaphakathi nangaphandle ukuba zingene kuluhlu lobushushu be-vulcanization phantse ngaxeshanye, ukunikezela ukuxinana kwe-crosslink efanayo kunye nobukhulu; I-IR ibangela umaleko womphezulu ukuba unyange ngoko nangoko ukwenza ulusu olushinyeneyo oluthintela ukuhanjiswa kobushushu, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuncipheni okubukhali koxinzelelo lwe-crosslink ukusuka kumphezulu ukuya ngaphakathi.

Eli nqaku ligubungela umxholo we-silica kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa kwelaphu leglasi ye-silica ephezulu. Inkcazo yomxholo we-silica: isalathisi esingundoqo yiSiO₂ ≥96% (umgangatho we-96-98%, amabakala e-premium> 99% nge-acid leaching kunye ne-sintering, isondela kwi-quartz fiber ecocekileyo). Ukuvelisa: Ilaphu le-E-glass lifumana iasidi eshushu yokuvuza ukunyibilikisa izinto ezingezizo silika (i-boron oxide, i-sodium oxide), idala amathambo amathambo e-silica aphezulu, aze atshizwe ukuze axinaniswe. Iinzuzo eziphambili: inkonzo eqhubekayo kwi-900 ° C kwi-atmospheres ye-oxidizing, ixesha elifutshane elingaphezu kwe-1200 ° C, indawo yokuthambisa kufuphi ne-1700 ° C; ukuzinza kweekhemikhali ngokuchasene ne-acids / alkalis ezininzi ngaphandle kwe-HF kunye ne-asidi ye-phosphoric eshushu; I-dielectric ephantsi rhoqo kunye ne-insulation ezinzile kumaqondo okushisa aphezulu.

Eli nqaku lichaza iimpawu ze-microstructural zeTeflon high-temperature fabric. I-Substrate skeleton: i-glass fiber weave texture kwi-plain/twill weave ene-porosity ephezulu (i-micron-scale pores ngaphakathi kwe-fiber bundles nakwi-warp-weft nodes) inika isithuba sokumiliselwa kwe-PTFE. I-Coating morphology: i-encapsulation epheleleyo eyenza 'ikhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo' isakhiwo apho iifiber zeglasi ziqinisa isigaba, i-PTFE yi-matrix eqhubekayo; i-surface nodular microstructure yamaqhuqhuva (amasuntswana) adityaniswe ziifibrils ezintle ezenziwe ngexesha lokuntywila; umaleko wolusu oshinyeneyo oqhubekayo (aliqela ukuya kumashumi eemicrons ezityebileyo) ze-PTFE esulungekileyo njengesithintelo esingundoqo sokungangeni kweekhemikhali, iipropati ezingabambekiyo, kunye nokugqunywa kombane.