Lesi sihloko sethula inqubo eyisisekelo ephelele yokumithisa indwangu ye-fiberglass nge-emulsion ye-PTFE. Izinyathelo eziyisikhombisa eziyisihluthulelo: ① Ukwelashwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi (i-dewaxing/desizing) ku-350-400°C ukuze kukhishwe ama-ejenti wokulinganisa izindwangu; ② Ukwakhiwa kwe-emulsion enokuqukethwe okuqinile okungu-40-55% nama-surfactants ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumanzisa; ③ Ukukhulelwa ngendlela yokucwilisa noma i-blade kadokotela; ④ Ukomisa ku-100-150°C ukuze uhwamulise amanzi kancane bese wenza ifilimu eyomile ye-PTFE; ⑤ Sintering at 360-390°C (kufika ku-400°C) ukuncibilikisa izinhlayiya ze-PTFE zibe ifilimu eqhubekayo; ⑥ I-Multi-cycle impregnation-drying-sintering ephindaphindwa izikhathi ezingu-2-4 ukuze kufinyelelwe ukujiya okuqondisiwe nokuqukethwe kwenhlaka (45-65%); ⑦ Ukwelashwa kwangemva kokwelashwa okuhlanganisa nokwelashwa kwe-corona, ukusikwa onqenqemeni, ukusonga kanye nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. Amaphuzu okulawula abalulekile: ukucwiliswa kwe-waxing okuphelele, ukumanzisa i-emulsion egcwele, ukomisa kancane kancane, izinga lokushisa elinembile le-sintering, kanye nokuminyana okunamathelayo okungaguquki. Imikhiqizo inikeza ama-laminates ane-copper-clad high-frequency, amabhande okuthutha asezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezinto zokwakha ze-membrane yezakhiwo.

Lesi sihloko sihlanganisa izinkomba zokusebenza ezibalulekile ze-PTFE itheyiphu yokushisa ephezulu esetshenziswa ekufakweni kwe-vacuum, ukwelashwa kokushisa kwe-vacuum nezimo ezifanayo. Izidingo ezibalulekile zihluke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni komkhathi: ukukhipha umoya kubaluleke kakhulu (TML≤1%, CVCM≤0.1%; amamaki e-aerospace/optical adinga i-TML≤0.5%, i-CVCM≤0.01%); ukumelana nezinga lokushisa kufanele kuqinisekiswe kukho kokubili i-PTFE substrate (260°C) kanye nongqimba olunamathelayo; I-PSA ye-silicone ehlanjululwe ngokukhethekile iyadingeka ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwe-siloxane; amandla okubamba izinga lokushisa eliphezulu avimbela ukukhasa nokuphakamisa unqenqema; ukuhlanzeka akudingi ukuchithwa kwe-fiber kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-ionic ephansi; i-anti-static tape (i-surface resistivity 10⁶-10⁹ Ω/sq) ivimbela ukulimala kwe-ESD; ukumelana kwe-plasma kufanele kuhlolwe izinqubo ze-sputtering/PECVD; ukuncipha okushisayo okungaphansi kuka-2% kuqinisekisa ukunemba kwemaski.

Lesi sihloko sethula izincibilikisi eziphilayo ezingamelana nendwangu ye-PTFE yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Indwangu ye-fiberglass ene-PTFE ibonisa ukungabi namandla kwamakhemikhali okukhethekile, imelana cishe nazo zonke izincibilikisi eziphilayo ezivamile ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile zokusebenza ngaphandle kokuhlakazeka, ukuvuvukala noma ukusabela kwamakhemikhali. Izigaba ezibekezelelekayo zihlanganisa: utshwala (i-methanol, i-ethanol, i-isopropanol), ama-ketone (i-acetone, i-MEK, i-cyclohexanone), i-esters (i-ethyl acetate, i-butyl acetate), ama-hydrocarbon (uphethiloli, i-toluene, i-xylene, i-hexane), i-halogenated hydrocarbons (i-dichloromethane, i-ethers, i-ether). THF), ama-organic acid (glacial acetic acid, formic acid), ama-amine nama-amides (i-triethylamine, i-DMF), ama-phenols, namanye afana ne-carbon disulfide, i-pyridine, uwoyela we-silicone kanye ne-brake fluid.

Lesi sihloko sifaka izidingo zesilinganiso sokupholisa ngesikhathi se-PTFE i-high-temperature sintering cloth. Ngemva kokucwilisa ku-380-400 ° C, indwangu kufanele idlule ngokushesha endaweni ezwela icrystallization engu-310-315°C. Izinga lokupholisa elinconyiwe okungenani lingu-30-50°C/min (indwangu encane ingafinyelela ku-100-200°C/min ngokupholisa komoya). Ukupholisa okusheshayo (ukucisha) kukhiqiza ubucwebe obuphansi (45-50%), bukhipha izimbotshana ezithambile, eziqinile ezinezindawo ezibushelelezi, ukunamathela okuqinile, ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu okungeyona intonga, nokumelana ne-delamination nokuqhekeka. Ukupholisa kancane (ukupholisa kwesithando somlilo) kubangela ukucwebezela okuphezulu (60-70%), okubangela ukunamathela okuqinile, okubolayo okujwayele ukushwabana, ukuxebuka kanye nama-microcracks.

Lesi sihloko siqhathanisa izinga lokushisa legumbi nokuvuthwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kwe-adhesive ezwela ukucindezela kwe-silicone ye-PTFE tape. Ukuvuthwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (120-180°C) kudala amanethiwekhi aminyene axhumene anamandla okuhlangana aqinile, okuvimbela insalela enamathelayo ngemva kokuxebuka. Yakha amabhondi okunamathisela amakhemikhali anezingxenye ezingaphansi ze-PTFE ngokusebenzisa i-primer co-curing, eqeda ubungozi be-delamination. Ukuvuthwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu futhi kususa ukuguquguquka kwamangqamuzana aphansi ngaphambi kokulethwa, kuvimbela ukubhamuza nokungcoliswa kukawoyela we-silicone ngesikhathi sokushisisa kokuqala.

Lo mhlahlandlela uhlanganisa ukukhetha kwetheyiphu ye-PTFE yokushisa ephezulu yokubumba umjovo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokulwa nezinti. Ukukhetha okusekelwe emazingeni okushisa: ≤260 ° C kumapulasitiki ajwayelekile (i-tape ejwayelekile ye-silicone ye-PSA, 0.13-0.18mm); I-260-300 ° C yepulasitiki yobunjiniyela bezinga eliphezulu lokushisa njenge-PC, i-PA66, i-POM (i-adhesive ye-silicone yezinga eliphezulu, i-0.18-0.25mm); 300-400°C ye-PEEK, LCP, PPS eduze nabagijimi abashisayo (itheyiphu yokunamathela ihluleka; sebenzisa indwangu ye-PTFE enganamatheli noma ifilimu ye-PFA). Ukukhetha okusekelwe ezintweni ezibonakalayo: izinto ezicashile zidinga ukukhishwa okuphezulu okuhlanzekile kwe-PTFE; izinto ezigcwele ingilazi/amaminerali zidinga itheyiphu engagugi engu-0.25mm+; izithasiselo ezonakalisayo zidinga ingcina ekwazi ukumelana namakhemikhali kanye ne-substrate eminyene; izinhlelo zokusebenza ezizwela i-static zidinga itheyiphu ye-PTFE ephikisana ne-static.

Indwangu eqinile ye-PTFE yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu yenziwa ngokunamathisela i-PTFE phezu kwendwangu ye-fiberglass enamandla amakhulu, enikeza amandla aqinile, ukumelana nokushisa, izakhiwo ezingabambeki, ukumelana namakhemikhali, nokungqubuzana okuphansi. Izicelo ezimqoka zihlanganisa: ukuthunyelwa kwezimboni (ukupakishwa kokunciphisa ukushisa, ukubhaka ukudla, okomisa izindwangu, ukomisa amaphepha/ifilimu); indwangu yokubumba ehlanganisiwe kanye nama-cushion liners ashisayo; amakhethini okuvikela amakhethini kanye namajakhethi okushisa ashisayo; motor kagesi kanye transformer insulation; ukwakha ama-sliding bearings nezisekelo zamapayipi; ukuhlunga kwamakhemikhali kanye nokuvala ama-valve ezindaweni ezigqwalile. Amandla aqine kakhulu aqinisekisa ukuqina ngaphansi kwengcindezi, ukudabuka, ukuguquguquka okuphindaphindiwe, kanye nengcindezi yemishini yezinga eliphezulu lokushisa kuzo zonke lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ezisindayo ezihlukahlukene.

Ngesikhathi sokucwiliswa, izinhlayiya ze-PTFE endwangu ye-fiberglass zincibilika ngaphezu kuka-327°C, zicekela phansi i-lamellae egoqiwe yoqobo kanye nemingcele yezinhlayiyana ukuze zenze ukuncibilika kwe-amorphous. Lapho ipholisa, i-PTFE iphinda icwebe ibe ngama-spherulites akhiwe ama-lamellae amise okwe-radially, anobukristalu obusukela ku-50–70%. Izinga lokupholisa linquma ukuphelela kwekristalu: ukupholisa kancane kukhiqiza icrystallinity ephakeme, ama-spherulite amakhulu, ubulukhuni obukhulu; ukucisha ngokushesha kunikeza ama-spherulites amahle kanye nokuguquguquka okuthuthukisiwe.

Indwangu ye-fiberglass ehlanganiswe ne-PTFE isetshenziswa kakhulu ekucubunguleni irabha ukumelana nokushisa, impahla enganamathele, nokungqubuzana okuphansi. Izicelo ezibalulekile zifaka: amalayini okukhulula amapuleti/i-vacuum vulcanization kanye nokubumba amathayi; amabhande okuthutha angagxili ezigayweni ezivulekile, amakhalenda, nemigqa yokupholisa; indwangu ye-interleave yokugcina i-rubber ephelile; ukuphathwa okukhethekile kwe-silicone ne-fluororubber; kanye namathreyi ehhavini okugeza emva kokwelashwa. Izinzuzo zihlanganisa ukuqeda ukunamathela kwesikhunta, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-ejenti yokukhululwa, ukuvimbela ukugoqwa kwama-roller, nokuqinisekisa ukuboliswa okushelelayo.

I-sintering ephansi ishiya i-PTFE ingancibiliki, ibangele ama-micro-pores, ukunamathela okubi, izindawo ezimaholoholo, amandla emishini aphansi, nokubukeka kobisi. Ukushisa ngokweqile kwehlisa isithunzi i-PTFE, ikhiqiza amaphinifa, amabhamuza, ukuphuka, umbala ophuzi ukuya kwabamnyama, kanye nentuthu enobuthi. Kokubili konakalisa ukubumbana, ukusebenza okungagxili, ukuguquguquka, ukwahlukanisa, nokuzinza kwe-dimensional. Ububanzi obulungile obungu-370–400°C bukhiqiza ukukhanyela okuncane, okubushelelezi, okunsundu. Isheke elibonakalayo: matte white = under-sintered; yellow/brittle = over-sintered. (296 izinhlamvu)