Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza njira zonse zofunika zopangira nsalu za fiberglass ndi PTFE emulsion. Masitepe asanu ndi awiri ofunika: ① Pretreatment (dewaxing/desizing) pa 350-400°C kuchotsa zinthu zoyezera nsalu; ② Mapangidwe a emulsion okhala ndi 40-55% olimba komanso zowonjezera zowonjezera pakunyowetsa bwino; ③ Kulowetsedwa kudzera mu njira yofinya kapena zokutira tsamba la dokotala; ④ Kuyanika pa 100-150 ° C kuti musungunuke madzi pang'onopang'ono ndikupanga filimu yowuma ya PTFE; ⑤ Sintering pa 360-390 ° C (mpaka 400 ° C) kusungunula particles PTFE mu filimu mosalekeza; ⑥ Mipikisano mkombero impregnation-kuyanika-sintering mobwerezabwereza 2-4 nthawi kukwaniritsa chandamale makulidwe ndi utomoni okhutira (45-65%); ⑦ Kuchiza pambuyo pochiza kuphatikizirapo kuchiza kwa corona, kudula m'mphepete, kutsekereza ndi kuyang'ana bwino. Kore ulamuliro mfundo: dewaxing wathunthu, zonse emulsion wetting, pang'onopang'ono kuyanika, yeniyeni sintering kutentha, ndi kusasinthasintha ❖ kuyanika kachulukidwe. Zogulitsa zimagwiritsa ntchito ma laminates okhala ndi mkuwa wokwera kwambiri, malamba onyamula kutentha kwambiri komanso zida zomanga.

Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa zosungunulira za organic zomwe nsalu ya PTFE yotentha kwambiri imatha kupirira. Nsalu ya PTFE-yakutidwa ndi fiberglass imawonetsa kusakhazikika kwapadera kwamankhwala, kukana pafupifupi zosungunulira zonse wamba pansi pamikhalidwe yabwinobwino yogwirira ntchito popanda kusungunuka, kutupa kapena kuchitapo kanthu. Magulu olekerera akuphatikizapo: mowa (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol), ketoni (acetone, MEK, cyclohexanone), esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate), ma hydrocarbons (petulo, toluene, xylene, hexane), halogenated hydrocarbons (dichloromethylene), carbon dioxide, ether THF), ma organic acid (glacial acetic acid, formic acid), amines ndi amides (triethylamine, DMF), phenols, ndi ena monga carbon disulfide, pyridine, silikoni mafuta ndi brake fluid.

Nkhaniyi ikukhudza kuzirala zofunika pa PTFE mkulu-kutentha nsalu sintering. Pambuyo pa sintering pa 380-400 ° C, nsaluyo iyenera kudutsa mofulumira kudera la 310-315 ° C crystallization-sensitive zone. Kuzizira kovomerezeka ndi osachepera 30-50 ° C/mphindi (nsalu yopyapyala imatha kufikira 100-200 ° C/mphindi kudzera kuzizira kwa mpweya). Kuzizira kofulumira (kuzimitsa) kumatulutsa kuwala kocheperako (45-50%), kumapereka zokutira zofewa, zolimba zokhala ndi malo osalala, zomatira zolimba, kuchita bwino kosagwira ndodo, komanso kukana delamination ndi kusweka. Kuziziritsa pang'onopang'ono (kuzizira kwa ng'anjo) kumabweretsa kuwala kwakukulu (60-70%), kumapangitsa kuti zokutira zolimba, zowonongeka zomwe zimachepa, kusenda ndi microcracks.

Nsalu yotentha kwambiri ya PTFE imapangidwa ndi kupaka PTFE pansalu yamphamvu kwambiri ya fiberglass, yomwe imapereka mphamvu zolimba, kukana kutentha, katundu wosagwira ndodo, kukana mankhwala, komanso kugundana kochepa. Ntchito zazikuluzikulu zikuphatikiza: kutumizira mafakitale (kutengera kutentha, kuphika chakudya, zowumitsa nsalu, kuyanika mapepala / filimu); nsalu zomangira zophatikizika komanso zomangira zomangira zotentha; kuwotcherera makatani oteteza ndi ma jekete oteteza kutentha; magetsi galimoto ndi thiransifoma kutchinjiriza; kumanga zitsulo zotsetsereka ndi zothandizira mapaipi; kusefera kwa mankhwala ndi kusindikiza ma valve m'malo owononga. Kulimba kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kumatsimikizira kulimba pansi pa kukanidwa, kung'ambika, kusinthasintha mobwerezabwereza, komanso kupsinjika kwamakina kwapamwamba pamakina osiyanasiyana olemetsa.

Pa sintering, PTFE particles pa fiberglass nsalu kusungunuka pamwamba 327 ° C, kuwononga choyambirira apangidwe-unyolo lamellae ndi tinthu malire kupanga amorphous kusungunuka. Ikazizira, PTFE imakhazikikanso kukhala ma spherulites opangidwa ndi ma radially oriented lamellae, okhala ndi crystallinity kuyambira 50-70%. Kuzizira kumatsimikizira ungwiro wa kristalo: kuzizira pang'onopang'ono kumapereka crystallinity yapamwamba, ma spherulites akuluakulu, kuuma kwakukulu; kuzimitsa mwachangu kumapereka ma spherulites abwino komanso kusinthasintha bwino.

Chidule chaukadaulo ichi chochokera ku Jiangsu Aokai chikuwunika momwe kutentha kumawonongera nsalu ya PTFE yotentha kwambiri. Low sintering masamba particles osasungunuka, kuchititsa micro-pores, ofooka ❖ kuyanika-gawo lapansi mgwirizano, zaukali pamalo, osauka makina mphamvu, ndi yamkaka opaque maonekedwe. Kutentha kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti PTFE iwonongeke, imapanga mapini, thovu, brittleness, kusinthika kwachikasu ndi wakuda, ndi kutulutsa utsi wapoizoni. Zonse ziwirizi zimawononga kulimba, kusagwira ntchito, kusinthasintha, kusungunula, ndi kukhazikika kwa dimensional.

PTFE high-temperature nsalu insulating gaskets kuphatikiza mkulu dielectric mphamvu (khola pansi chinyezi), -70 °C kwa 260 °C kutentha osiyanasiyana, chilengedwe mankhwala kukana (kupatula zitsulo za alkali wosungunuka), non-ndodo pamwamba (amaletsa creepage), anti-creep (fiberglass reinforcement vs. koyera PTFE, μ=01), mkulu tensi (50 .01) . Mtengo wa V-0. Poyerekeza ndi mica, mphira, ndi ma gaskets oyera a PTFE, nsalu ya PTFE imapereka kusinthasintha kwapamwamba, kusinthika, komanso kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali. Zoyenera ma thiransifoma, kutchinjiriza kwa mota, kusindikiza ma flange amankhwala, ndi zida za semiconductor.

PTFE nsalu flatness pa sintering amafuna ndendende mavuto, kutentha, ndi kudziletsa. Njira zazikuluzikulu: makina a stenter (mbale za pini zimasunga m'lifupi, zimateteza kuchepa kwa weft), mbiri ya kutentha kwa gradient (kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono → 380-400 ° C kugwira → kuziziritsa pang'onopang'ono pansi pa 310 ° C musanatulutse kukangana), gawo lapansi lomwe lisanadulidwe (kuchotsa kupsinjika kwa kuluka musanakutidwe), ndi makulidwe a yunifolomu ❖ kuyanika (kuletsa kusungunuka kwa kusiyana). Kuletsa kwamphamvu kuyenera kusungidwa mpaka kuzizirira pansi pa PTFE crystallization point (pafupifupi 310 ° C) kuti muteteze tsamba lankhondo.

Kuphimba mofanana pa PTFE emulsion impregnation wa fiberglass nsalu ndi njira ya moyo wa mankhwala khalidwe. Zosafanana zokutira zimayambitsa: kulephera kwa ndodo (kumamatira pa malo oonda), kufooka kwamakina (kupsinjika kwamalingaliro, kung'ambika), kusakhazikika kwamagetsi (kuwonongeka kwamagetsi kumatsikira mpaka 1/10), kulowa kwamankhwala (kuwonongeka kwa pinhole), zovuta zamtundu (warpage), ndi zolakwika pakukonza (kuzungulira kwa lamba, kusiyanasiyana kwa makulidwe). Kupaka yunifolomu kumafuna kuwongolera bwino kwa kukhuthala kwa emulsion, kulimba kolimba, kukangana kwa nsalu, mipata yofinya, ndi mbiri yowumitsa zone / sintering.

Nsalu ya PTFE yotentha kwambiri imakhala ndi magawo anayi a kusintha kwapangidwe pamene kutentha kumakwera: pansi pa 260 ° C - pang'onopang'ono kung'amba pang'onopang'ono ndi kuwonjezereka kotsalira kowonjezera; pa 327 ° C (malo osungunuka) - kusintha kwa crystalline-to-amorphous, kupaka kumafewetsa, kumadetsedwa kuchokera ku fiberglass; 400-500 ° C - PTFE depolymerizes (imatulutsa mpweya wapoizoni), zokutira zimatha; pamwamba pa 500 ° C - fiberglass imafewetsa (840 ° C kufewetsa malo) ndipo imataya kukhulupirika kwadongosolo. Khalani pansi pa 260°C mosalekeza, pewani nsonga>300°C kuti mugwire ntchito motetezeka.