Isiokwu a na-ekpuchi ohere ngwa ngwa maka akwa Teflon dị elu na ụlọ ọrụ batrị siri ike na-apụta. Mpaghara anọ: Mwapụta electrode akọrọ / electrolyte akọrọ - eriri mgbochi osisi na-ebufe eriri ọkụ dị elu maka ịpị mpịakọta ọkụ (150-250 Celsius) na-eme ka ọ dị nro nke ihe nkiri na-akwado onwe ya; na-ekpo ọkụ rola mkpuchi oyi akwa dị ka ọkara-adịgide adịgide mgbochi osisi oyi akwa; na-eme ka ihu ihe nkiri dị mma, na-ebelata ntụpọ, na-eme ka mkpụrụ dịkwuo mma. Mwepu ihe mkpuchi na akwa mkpuchi maka densification na-ekpo ọkụ - batrị sulfide / polymer chọrọ ọkụ isostatic / flat pressing (100-300 ° C, iri MPa); PTFE ákwà enịm n'etiti batrị tojupụtara na ebu na-egbochi adhesion, na-enyere edo mgbali nkesa site micro-elasticity, na-echebe kpo oku efere.

Edemede a na-enyocha mgbanwe na agbụ molecular PTFE n'okpuru irradiation ultraviolet. Isi yinye isi na mbelata ịdị arọ molecular: UV (254nm, 471 kJ/mol) na-agbaji agbụ CC (347 kJ/mol), na-eme ka homolysis, na-emepụta radicals efu CF₂ kwụsịrị, ọdịda molecular dị nkọ, mfu nke ike na elongation. Ụzọ mmeghachi omume radical free: na oxygen, peroxy radicals na-etolite, na-emezigharị na acyl fluoride (-COF) na carboxylic acid (-COOH) njedebe, na-ahapụ COF₂ na CO₂ (COF₂ hydrolyzes na HF); N'ime ikuku na-adịghị ahụkebe, ndakọrịta/nchịkọta ọnụ na-achị, mana nhịahụ ka a na-akakarị.

Edemede a na-ekpuchi ngwa nke Teflon akwa na-ekpo ọkụ na akwa mkpuchi okpomọkụ nke spacesuit. Ihe kacha mkpa: PTFE mkpuchi fiberglass akwa, mara na mbara igwe dị ka Beta ákwà, na-ejikọta akwa mgbanwe na PTFE oke-gburugburu inertness. Ọrụ: oyi akwa kacha elu nke Thermal Micrometeoroid Garment (TMG) n'ime nkeji agagharị agagharị, chere ihu ihu ozugbo, oke okpomọkụ dị iche iche, na micrometeoroids dị ka ihe mgbochi anụ ahụ / ọkụ nke mbụ maka ihe nkiri alumini dị n'ime. Nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi dị oke egwu: na-eguzogide -200 ° C ruo + 260 ° C (anyanwụ na-eche ihu> 120 ° C na onyinyo -160 ° C); elu ọcha na-egosipụta radieshon anyanwụ; na-echebe ihe nkiri polyimide na-emebi emebi site na ncha na anya mmiri. Enyemaka ngagharị: obere esemokwu PTFE dị ala na-egbochi tangling oyi akwa n'oge ịgbagọ nkwonkwo, na-eme ka mgbanwe EVA nwee ike.

Isiokwu a na-ekpuchi ngwa ngwa nke Teflon akwa-okpomọkụ ákwà na lithium batrị electrode ihicha. A na-eji ya dị ka eriri ebufe ma ọ bụ ihe mkpuchi oven, na-edozi nsogbu atọ dị mkpa: slurry adhesion, corrosion, and electrode scratching. Anọ uru ebe: Electrode àgwà na mkpụrụ - mgbochi osisi Njirimara gbochie PVDF ihe nkedo adhesion enyere mfe zuru ezu peeling; conductivity thermal n'otu na 100-140 Celsius na-egbochi mgbawa / ọkụ; ezigbo elu na-ewepụ ncha na ntụ ntụ; Ogologo oge na nkwụsi ike arụmọrụ - nguzogide kemịkalụ megide ihe mgbaze NMP na vapors electrolyte na-enweghị ọzịza / ịka nká; ike tensile dị elu na nkwụsi ike akụkụ site na mkpụrụ osisi fiberglass maka nhazi ziri ezi; ihicha dị mfe na obere ihe fọdụrụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere eriri ntupu ígwè.

Isiokwu a na-ekpuchi ahụkarị ahịrị ọsọ nso maka PTFE elu-okpomọkụ ákwà impregnation mmepụta akara. Ọsọ ọsọ: 2-15 m / min, oke arụ ọrụ kwụsiri ike 3-8 m / min, akwa dị mkpa / ahịrị ọsọ dị elu ruo 10-15 m / min. Mgbochi si impregnation penetration: ákwà ga-n'ụzọ zuru ezu jupụta na PTFE emulsion n'ime eriri ngwugwu interiors - oke ọsọ na-akpata ezughị ezu impregnation, resin agụụ na akọrọ emep uta eri; emulsion viscosity, ihe siri ike itinye uche, njupụta akwa akwa niile na-ebelata ọnụego ntinye, na-achọ ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa maka akwa akwa / akwa. Ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi: ọtụtụ ngafe (2-6+) achọrọ maka mkpuchi enweghị ntụpọ ntụpọ; mbụ ngafe ji nwayọọ nwayọọ maka ikwado, ngafe ndị na-esote nwere ike ịbawanye ntakịrị.

Edemede a na-ekpuchi ọdịnaya silica yana ihe ngosi ngwa nke akwa akwa iko silica dị elu. Nkọwa ọdịnaya nke silica: isi ihe ngosi bụ SiO₂ ≥96% (ọkọlọtọ 96-98%, akara akara>99% site na leaching acid na sintering, na-abịaru nso eriri quartz dị ọcha). Nrụpụta: akwa E-glass na-enweta mmiri acid na-ekpo ọkụ ka ọ gbazee ihe ndị na-abụghị silica (boron oxide, sodium oxide), na-emepụta ọkpụkpụ silica dị elu, wee sintered maka densification. Uru ndị isi: ọrụ na-aga n'ihu na 900 ° C na ikuku oxidizing, obere oge karịa 1200 Celsius, ebe nro dị nso na 1700 ° C; nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ megide ọtụtụ acid / alkalis ma e wezụga HF na acid phosphoric na-ekpo ọkụ; obere dielectric mgbe niile na mkpuchi kwụsiri ike na oke okpomọkụ.

Isiokwu a na-ekpuchi ihe omume delamination nke akwa Teflon na-ekpo ọkụ. Delamination na-ezo aka nkewa na peeling n'etiti elu PTFE mkpuchi na esịtidem fiberglass isi ákwà ma ọ bụ n'etiti multiple mkpuchi n'ígwé. Ihe ngosi a na-ahụ anya: ọnya na-egbuke egbuke / na-egbuke egbuke (ebuli elu na-enwe mmetụta oghere) dị ka ihe ịrịba ama mbụ; peeling interlayer na mkpuchi dị mfe wepụrụ na mpempe akwụkwọ na-ekpughe fiberglass ọcha; ọcha nke mpaghara na-esote site n'ịkụda mgbe okpomọkụ/esemokwu gasịrị. Isi ihe na-akpata: mmebi nrụgide okpomọkụ - ọnụọgụ mgbasawanye ọkụ dị iche iche n'etiti PTFE na fiberglass na-eme ka nrụgide dị n'ime, ikpo ọkụ ọkụ / oyi na-eme ngwa ngwa na-akpata nkwụsị; Mmepụta àgwà ntụpọ - ezughị ezu fiberglass ọgwụgwọ elu, PTFE impregnation na-adịghị mma, ezughị ezu sintering na-eme ka adịghị ike interfacial bonding.

Isiokwu a na-akọwa microstructural e ji mara Teflon elu-okpomọkụ ákwà. Ọkpụkpụ mkpụrụ: udidi eriri enyo enyo na-akpa akwa na larịị / twill na-akpa akwa nwere oke porosity (micron-scale pores n'ime eriri eriri yana na oghere warp-weft) na-enye ohere maka impregnation PTFE. Mkpuchi morphology: full impregnation encapsulation akpụ ' ike siri ike ' Ọdịdị ebe iko emep uta eri na-ewusi usoro, PTFE bụ na-aga n'ihu matrix; n'elu nodular microstructure nke nodules (ahụhụ) jikọtara ọnụ site na fibrils dị mma nke e guzobere n'oge sintering; oyi akwa akpụkpọ anụ na-aga n'ihu (ọtụtụ ruo iri iri nke microns gbara ọkpụrụkpụ) nke PTFE dị ọcha dị ka ihe mgbochi isi maka inertness kemịkalụ, ihe ndị na-abụghị osisi, na mkpuchi eletrik.

Isiokwu a na-enyocha mgbanwe nhazi na akwa PTFE dị elu n'oge ịka nká. Akụkụ anọ: PTFE mkpuchi microstructure - molecular yinye scission na ọxịdashọn (carbonyl/carboxyl otu e guzobere), crystallinity mgbanwe (n'oge ebili wee daa), Micro-crack na pinhole guzobe, elu powdering; Glass eriri mkpụrụ na interface - sizing / njikọ gị n'ụlọnga decomposition na-akpata ọnwụ nke bonding, interfacial debonding na delamination (blistering, ọcha ebe), iko eriri netwọk ozize na embrittlement, alkali metal oxide ọdịda na-akpata nchekasị corrosion; Ọdịdị macroscopic na ọdịdị - mgbanwe agba (ọcha → beige → aja aja → nwa), nrụrụ na-ebelata na curling, n'elu roughening na gloss ọnwụ, ntụ ntụ na aka, nkwụsị zuru oke nke mgbanwe. Ihe kacha mkpa nke ịka nká: usoro na-aga n'ihu nke ' mkpuchi mkpuchi → ọdịda interface → mmebi mkpụrụ.

Isiokwu a na-ekpuchi otú e si achịkwa sintering oge nke PTFE elu-okpomọkụ ákwà. Usoro njikwa isi: nhazi ọsọ ahịrị. Oge Sintering = ngalaba kpo oku dị irè ogologo ÷ akwa njem ọsọ. Ọnụ ụzọ nbata dị mma bụ 350C (n'elu okpomọkụ a na-agụta dị ka oge nkwụsịtụ). Nkesa okpomọkụ nke ọtụtụ mpaghara: preheating (100-250°C), sintering (360-395°C), ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu (380-390°C), jụrụ oyi (n'okpuru 300°C). Oge ntụaka na 380-390°C: dị arọ (0.08-0.13mm) 30-60 sekọnd; ọkọlọtọ (0.18-0.25mm) 1.5-3 nkeji; arọ (≥0.35mm) 3-5 nkeji. Nchọpụta na mgbanwe: n'okpuru-sintering (obere ike, ntụ ntụ ntụ, micro-cracks) → belata ọsọ iji gbasaa oge; n'elu-sintering (acha odo odo, kenkuwa, uzuzu ọcha) → ịbawanye ọsọ iji belata ebe obibi. Nhata-oge okpomọkụ na-enye ohere ikpo ọkụ dị elu ngwa ngwa (395-405°C, sekọnd) ma ọ bụ obere okpomọkụ nwayọọ nwayọọ sintering (360-375°C, 5-8 nkeji).