Eli nqaku libandakanya amathuba osetyenziso olunokubakho lwelaphu leTeflon lobushushu obuphezulu kushishino olusakhulayo lwebhetri yelizwe eliqinileyo. Imimandla emine: I-electrode eyomileyo / i-membrane ye-electrolyte yokuvelisa - amabhanti okuhambisa i-anti-stick anti-stick for hot roll pressing (150-250 ° C) eyenza i-peeling egudileyo yeefilimu ezizixhasayo; I-roller eshushu egqumayo njengomaleko we-anti-stick osisigxina; iqinisekisa ubuso befilimu obugudileyo, inciphisa iziphene, iphucula isivuno. Ukukhupha ii-liners kunye neepads zokunyusa ukuxinanisa okutshisayo - i-sulfide / iibhetri ze-polymer zifuna i-isostatic eshushu / i-flat pressing (100-300 ° C, amashumi e-MPa); Ilaphu le-PTFE elibekwe phakathi kwesitaki sebhetri kunye nokungunda lithintela ukunamathela, lenza ukuhanjiswa koxinzelelo olufanayo nge-micro-elasticity, ikhusela iipleyiti zokufudumeza.

Eli nqaku liphonononga utshintsho kwi-PTFE i-molecular chain chain phantsi kwe-ultraviolet irradiation. I-chain-chain scission kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima be-molecular: i-UV (254nm, 471 kJ / mol) iphula iibhondi ze-CC (347 kJ / mol), ezibangela i-homolysis, ivelise i-CF₂-iphelile i-radicals yamahhala, ukuhla kwe-molecular weight drop, ukulahleka kokuqina kunye nobude. Iindlela zokuphendula zamahhala: kwi-oksijeni, i-peroxy radicals ifom, ukulungiswa kwakhona kwi-acyl fluoride (-COF) kunye ne-carboxylic acid (-COOH) amaqela okugqibela, ukukhulula i-COF₂ kunye ne-CO₂ (i-COF₂ i-hydrolyzes kwi-HF); kwiatmosphes engasebenziyo, ukungalingani/ukudityaniswa kwakhona kuyalawula, kodwa isikruqe setsheyini sihleli siphambili.

Eli nqaku libandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwelaphu le-Teflon lobushushu obuphezulu kwi-spacesuit kwiileyi ze-thermal insulation. Undoqo weMaterial: Ilaphu le-fiberglass egqunywe yi-PTFE, elaziwa kwi-aerospace njengelaphu le-Beta, ukudibanisa ukuguquguquka kwelaphu kunye ne-PTFE egqithisileyo-bume bendalo. Indima: umaleko ongaphandle we-Thermal Micrometeoroid Isambatho (TMG) kwiiyunithi zokushukuma ze-extravehicular, ezijongene ngqo ne-vacuum, ulwahlulo lobushushu obugqithisileyo, kunye ne-micrometeoroids njengesithintelo sokuqala somzimba / sobushushu kwiifilimu zangaphakathi ze-aluminum. Ukukhuseleka okugqithisileyo kokusingqongileyo: ukumelana noluhlu lwe-200 ° C ukuya +260 ° C (ukujongana nelanga> 120 ° C ukuya emthunzini -160 ° C); umphezulu omhlophe ubonakalisa imitha yelanga; ikhusela iifilimu ezibuthathaka ze-aluminum ze-polyimide kwimikrwelo kunye neenyembezi. Uncedo olushukumayo: umphezulu ophantsi we-PTFE uthintela ukugoba komgangatho ngexesha lokugoba ngokudibeneyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuguquguquka kwe-EVA.

Eli nqaku ligubungela izibonelelo zosetyenziso lwelaphu leTeflon lobushushu obuphezulu kwi-lithium ibhetri yomiswa kwe-electrode. Isetyenziswa njengamabhanti okuhambisa okanye ii-oven liners, ukusombulula iingxaki ezintathu ezingundoqo: ukuncamathela okuludaka, ukubola, kunye nokukrwela i-electrode. Iindawo ezine inzuzo: Umgangatho we-Electrode kunye nesivuno - iipropathi ezichasene ne-anti-stick zithintela ukunamathela kwe-PVDF ye-binder eyenza ukuba kube lula ukuxobula okupheleleyo; I-uniform conductivity thermal conductivity kwi-100-140 ° C ikhusela ukukrazula / ukutshisa; umphezulu ogudileyo ususa imikrwelo kunye nokuchithwa komgubo; Ukuqina kunye nokuzinza kokusebenza - ukuchasana kweekhemikhali ngokuchasene ne-solvent ye-NMP kunye nomphunga we-electrolyte ngaphandle kokuvuvukala / ukuguga; amandla aphezulu kunye nozinzo olusuka kwi-fiberglass substrate yokubeka ngokuchanekileyo; ukucocwa lula kunye nentsalela encinci xa kuthelekiswa namabhanti entsimbi.

Eli nqaku libandakanya uluhlu lwesantya somgca we-PTFE wobushushu obuphezulu belaphu lokuvelisa umgca wemveliso. Isantya esiqhelekileyo: i-2-15 m / min, uluhlu oluzinzile lokusebenza 3-8 m / min, iingubo ezincinci / imigca yesantya esiphezulu ukuya kwi-10-15 m / min. Izithintelo ezivela ekungeneni kokungena: ilaphu kufuneka lizaliswe ngokupheleleyo nge-PTFE emulsion ibe yifiber bundle yangaphakathi - isantya esiphezulu sibangela ukungabikho ngokwaneleyo, indlala ye-resin kunye nemicu eyomileyo; i-emulsion viscosity, ukugxininiswa kwezinto eziqinileyo, ukuxinana kwelaphu elilukiweyo konke kunciphisa izinga lokungena, kufuna isantya esicothayo kumalaphu ashinyeneyo/ ashinyeneyo. Ukugqithiswa kwe-Coating: iipasiti ezininzi (2-6+) ezifunekayo kwi-dense defect-free coating; ipasi yokuqala icotha kwi-ankile, ukupasa okulandelayo kunokongezwa ngokuphakathi.

Eli nqaku ligubungela umxholo we-silica kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa kwelaphu leglasi ye-silica ephezulu. Inkcazo yomxholo we-silica: isalathisi esiphambili yiSiO₂ ≥96% (umgangatho we-96-98%, amabakala e-premium> 99% nge-acid leaching kunye ne-sintering, isondela kwi-quartz fiber ecocekileyo). Ukuvelisa: Ilaphu le-E-glass lifumana iasidi eshushu yokuvuza ukuze inyibilike amacandelo angeyo-silica (i-boron oxide, i-sodium oxide), idala i-porous high-silica skeleton, emva koko i-sintered ukwenzela ukuxinana. Iingenelo ezingundoqo: inkonzo eqhubekayo kwi-900 ° C kwi-atmospheres ye-oxidizing, ixesha elifutshane ngaphezu kwe-1200 ° C, indawo yokuthambisa kufuphi ne-1700 ° C; ukuzinza kweekhemikhali ngokuchasene ne-acids / alkalis ezininzi ngaphandle kwe-HF kunye ne-asidi ye-phosphoric eshushu; I-dielectric ephantsi rhoqo kunye ne-insulation ezinzile kumaqondo aphezulu.

Eli nqaku libandakanya i-delamination phenomenon yelaphu leTeflon lobushushu obuphezulu. I-Delamination ibhekisa kukwahlulwa kunye nokuxobula phakathi komphezulu we-PTFE yokwaleka kunye nelaphu lesiseko se-fiberglass yangaphakathi okanye phakathi kweeleya zokugquma ezininzi. Ukubonakaliswa okubonakalayo: ukudumba/ukudumba (amaqamza aphakanyisiweyo anemvakalelo engenanto) njengeempawu zokuqala; i-interlayer peeling kunye ne-coating isuswe ngokulula kumaphepha aveza i-fiberglass emhlophe; ukwenziwa mhlophe kwendawo okulandelwa kukugqabhuka emva kobushushu/ingxabano. Izizathu eziphambili: Umonakalo wokuxinzezeleka kwe-thermal - ukuhlukana kwee-coefficients zokwandiswa kwe-thermal phakathi kwe-PTFE kunye ne-fiberglass kudala uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, ukufudumeza ngokukhawuleza / ukupholisa imijikelezo kubangela ukuchithwa; Iziphene zomgangatho wemveliso - ukungonelanga konyango lomphezulu we-fiberglass, ukungamiliseli kwe-PTFE, ukungonelanga kwe-sintering kubangela ubuthathaka bokudibanisa ubuso.

Eli nqaku lichaza iimpawu ze-microstructural zeTeflon high-temperature fabric. I-Substrate skeleton: i-glass fiber weave texture kwi-plain/twill weaves ene-porosity ephezulu (i-micron-scale pores ngaphakathi kwe-fiber bundles nakwi-warp-weft nodes) inika isithuba sokumiliselwa kwe-PTFE. I-Coating morphology: i-encapsulation epheleleyo eyenza 'ikhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo' isakhiwo apho iifiber zeglasi ziqinisa isigaba, i-PTFE yimatrix eqhubekayo; umphezulu we-microstructure ye-nodular yamaqhuqhuva (amasuntswana) adityaniswe ziifibrils ezintle ezenziwe ngexesha lokuntywila; umaleko wolusu oshinyeneyo oqhubekayo (aliqela ukuya kumashumi ee-microns ezityebileyo) ze-PTFE esulungekileyo njengesithintelo esingundoqo sokungangeni kweekhemikhali, iipropati ezingabambekiyo, kunye nokugqunywa kombane.

Eli nqaku livavanya utshintsho lwesakhiwo kwi-PTFE yokushisa okuphezulu ngexesha lokuguga. Imiba emine: I-PTFE yokwambathisa i-microstructure - i-molecular chain scission kunye ne-oxidation (i-carbonyl / i-carboxyl group formation), utshintsho lwe-crystallinity (ukunyuka kwangoko emva kokuwa), i-micro-crack kunye ne-pinhole formation, i-surface powdering; I-Glass fiber substrate kunye ne-interface - ubungakanani / ukudityaniswa kwe-arhente ukubola kubangela ilahleko ye-bonding, i-interfacial debonding kunye ne-delamination (i-blistering, iindawo ezimhlophe), ukukhukuliseka kwe-glass fiber network kunye ne-embrittlement, i-alkali metal oxide precipitation ebangela ukubola koxinzelelo; Ubume beMacroscopic kunye nenkangeleko — ukutshintsha kombala (omhlophe → beige → mdaka → mnyama), ukushwabana kwenguqu kunye nokugoba, ukurhabaxa komphezulu kunye nokulahleka kweglosi, umgubo xa ubamba, ukuphulukana nokuguquguquka ngokupheleleyo. Undoqo wokwaluphala: inkqubo eqhubekayo 'yokuthotywa kokugquma → ukungaphumeleli kojongano → ukuthotywa kwesubstrate.'

Eli nqaku liquka indlela yokulawula ixesha le-sintering yelaphu le-PTFE lobushushu obuphezulu. Indlela yokulawula ingundoqo: ukulungiswa kwesantya somgca. Ixesha le-Sintering = ubude becandelo lokufudumeza elisebenzayo ÷ isantya sokuhamba ngelaphu. Umda we-sintering osebenzayo yi-350 ° C (ngaphezulu kobu bushushu bubalwa njengexesha lokutshisa). Ukuhanjiswa kweqondo lokushisa kwiindawo ezininzi: ukushisa kwangaphambili (100-250 ° C), i-sintering (360-395 ° C), i-high-temperature setting (380-390 ° C), ukupholisa (ngaphantsi kwe-300 ° C). Amaxesha okubhekisela kwi-380-390 ° C: i-lightweight (0.08-0.13mm) i-30-60 imizuzwana; umgangatho (0.18-0.25mm) 1.5-3 imizuzu; ubunzima (≥0.35mm) 3-5 imizuzu. Ukuchongwa kunye nohlengahlengiso: i-sintering engaphantsi (amandla aphantsi, ukuchithwa komgubo, i-micro-cracks) → ukunciphisa isantya ukwandisa ixesha; ukuntywila ngokugqithisileyo (ukuba tyheli, ukubhitya, imisi emhlophe) → ukwandisa isantya ukuze wenze mfutshane indawo yokuhlala. Ukulingana kwexesha lobushushu kuvumela i-high-temp fast sintering (395-405 ° C, imizuzwana) okanye i-low-temp slow sintering (360-375 ° C, 5-8 imizuzu).