Lesi sihloko sethula inqubo eyisisekelo ephelele yokumithisa indwangu ye-fiberglass nge-emulsion ye-PTFE. Izinyathelo eziyisikhombisa eziyisihluthulelo: ① Ukwelashwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi (i-dewaxing/desizing) ku-350-400°C ukuze kukhishwe ama-ejenti wokulinganisa izindwangu; ② Ukwakhiwa kwe-emulsion enokuqukethwe okuqinile okungu-40-55% nama-surfactants ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumanzisa; ③ Ukukhulelwa ngendlela yokucwilisa noma i-blade kadokotela; ④ Ukomisa ku-100-150°C ukuze uhwamulise amanzi kancane bese wenza ifilimu eyomile ye-PTFE; ⑤ Sintering at 360-390°C (kufika ku-400°C) ukuncibilikisa izinhlayiya ze-PTFE zibe ifilimu eqhubekayo; ⑥ I-Multi-cycle impregnation-drying-sintering ephindaphindwa izikhathi ezingu-2-4 ukuze kufinyelelwe ukujiya okuqondisiwe nokuqukethwe kwenhlaka (45-65%); ⑦ Ukwelashwa kwangemva kokwelashwa okuhlanganisa nokwelashwa kwe-corona, ukusikwa onqenqemeni, ukusonga kanye nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. Amaphuzu okulawula abalulekile: ukucwiliswa kwe-waxing okuphelele, ukumanzisa i-emulsion egcwele, ukomisa kancane kancane, izinga lokushisa elinembile le-sintering, kanye nokuminyana okunamathelayo okungaguquki. Imikhiqizo inikeza ama-laminates ane-copper-clad high-frequency, amabhande okuthutha asezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezinto zokwakha ze-membrane yezakhiwo.

Lesi sihloko sethula izincibilikisi eziphilayo ezingamelana nendwangu ye-PTFE yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Indwangu ye-fiberglass ene-PTFE ibonisa ukungabi namandla kwamakhemikhali okukhethekile, imelana cishe nazo zonke izincibilikisi eziphilayo ezivamile ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile zokusebenza ngaphandle kokuhlakazeka, ukuvuvukala noma ukusabela kwamakhemikhali. Izigaba ezibekezelelekayo zihlanganisa: utshwala (i-methanol, i-ethanol, i-isopropanol), ama-ketone (i-acetone, i-MEK, i-cyclohexanone), i-esters (i-ethyl acetate, i-butyl acetate), ama-hydrocarbon (uphethiloli, i-toluene, i-xylene, i-hexane), i-halogenated hydrocarbons (i-dichloromethane, i-ethers, i-ether). THF), ama-organic acid (glacial acetic acid, formic acid), ama-amine nama-amides (i-triethylamine, i-DMF), ama-phenols, namanye afana ne-carbon disulfide, i-pyridine, uwoyela we-silicone kanye ne-brake fluid.

Lesi sihloko sifaka izidingo zesilinganiso sokupholisa ngesikhathi se-PTFE i-high-temperature sintering cloth. Ngemva kokucwilisa ku-380-400 ° C, indwangu kufanele idlule ngokushesha endaweni ezwela icrystallization engu-310-315°C. Izinga lokupholisa elinconyiwe okungenani lingu-30-50°C/min (indwangu encane ingafinyelela ku-100-200°C/min ngokupholisa komoya). Ukupholisa okusheshayo (ukucisha) kukhiqiza ubucwebe obuphansi (45-50%), bukhipha izimbotshana ezithambile, eziqinile ezinezindawo ezibushelelezi, ukunamathela okuqinile, ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu okungeyona intonga, nokumelana ne-delamination nokuqhekeka. Ukupholisa kancane (ukupholisa kwesithando somlilo) kubangela ukucwebezela okuphezulu (60-70%), okubangela ukunamathela okuqinile, okubolayo okujwayele ukushwabana, ukuxebuka kanye nama-microcracks.

Indwangu eqinile ye-PTFE yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu yenziwa ngokunamathisela i-PTFE phezu kwendwangu ye-fiberglass enamandla amakhulu, enikeza amandla aqinile, ukumelana nokushisa, izakhiwo ezingabambeki, ukumelana namakhemikhali, nokungqubuzana okuphansi. Izicelo ezimqoka zihlanganisa: ukuthunyelwa kwezimboni (ukupakishwa kokunciphisa ukushisa, ukubhaka ukudla, okomisa izindwangu, ukomisa amaphepha/ifilimu); indwangu yokubumba ehlanganisiwe kanye nama-cushion liners ashisayo; amakhethini okuvikela amakhethini kanye namajakhethi okushisa ashisayo; motor kagesi kanye transformer insulation; ukwakha ama-sliding bearings nezisekelo zamapayipi; ukuhlunga kwamakhemikhali kanye nokuvala ama-valve ezindaweni ezigqwalile. Amandla aqine kakhulu aqinisekisa ukuqina ngaphansi kwengcindezi, ukudabuka, ukuguquguquka okuphindaphindiwe, kanye nengcindezi yemishini yezinga eliphezulu lokushisa kuzo zonke lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ezisindayo ezihlukahlukene.

Ngesikhathi sokucwiliswa, izinhlayiya ze-PTFE endwangu ye-fiberglass zincibilika ngaphezu kuka-327°C, zicekela phansi i-lamellae egoqiwe yoqobo kanye nemingcele yezinhlayiyana ukuze zenze ukuncibilika kwe-amorphous. Lapho ipholisa, i-PTFE iphinda icwebe ibe ngama-spherulites akhiwe ama-lamellae amise okwe-radially, anobukristalu obusukela ku-50–70%. Izinga lokupholisa linquma ukuphelela kwekristalu: ukupholisa kancane kukhiqiza icrystallinity ephakeme, ama-spherulite amakhulu, ubulukhuni obukhulu; ukucisha ngokushesha kunikeza ama-spherulites amahle kanye nokuguquguquka okuthuthukisiwe.

Lesi sifinyezo sezobuchwepheshe esivela ku-Jiangsu Aokai sihlaziya ukuthi amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu noma aphezulu ayonakalisa kanjani indwangu ye-PTFE yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. I-sintering ephansi ishiya izinhlayiya zingancibilikisiwe, okubangela ama-micro-pores, ukubopha okubuthakathaka kwe-coating-substrate, izindawo ezimahhadlahhadla, amandla angenamandla emishini, kanye nokubukeka kwe-milky opaque. Ukushisa ngokweqile kudala ukuwohloka kokushisa kwe-PTFE, kukhiqiza amaphinifa, amabhamuza, ukonakala, ukushintsha kombala okuphuzi ukuya kwabamnyama, nokukhipha intuthu enobuthi. Kokubili okudlulele kulimaza ukubumbana, ukusebenza okunganamatheli, ukuguquguquka, ukwahlukanisa, nokuzinza kwe-dimensional.

I-PTFE high-temperature insulating gaskets yendwangu ihlanganisa amandla aphezulu e-dielectric (azinzile ngaphansi komswakama), -70°C kuya ku-260°C izinga lokushisa, ukumelana kwamakhemikhali kwendawo yonke (ngaphandle kwezinsimbi ze-alkali ezincibilikisiwe), indawo enganamathele (ivimbela i-creepage), i-anti-creep (i-fiberglass reinforcement vs. μ-fiberglass reinforcement vs. Isilinganiso somlilo we-V-0. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-mica, irabha, nama-gaskets e-PTFE ahlanzekile, indwangu ye-PTFE inikeza ukuguquguquka okuphakeme, ukucutshungulwa, nokuzinza kobukhulu besikhathi eside. Ilungele ama-transformer, ukufakwa kwezimoto, ukuvala uphawu kwamakhemikhali, kanye nemishini ye-semiconductor.

I-PTFE indwangu flatness ngesikhathi sintering kudinga ukushuba, izinga lokushisa, nokulawula ukuzibamba. Izindlela eziyinhloko: umshini we-stenter (amapuleti amaphini agcina ububanzi, avimbele ukushwabana kwe-weft), iphrofayili yezinga lokushisa eliphansi (ukushisa kancane → 380-400°C bamba → ukupholisa kancane ngaphansi kuka-310°C ngaphambi kokukhulula ukushuba), i-substrate eshwabene ngaphambili (isusa ukucindezeleka kokuluka ngaphambi kokumboza), kanye nogqinsi lokweluka okufanayo (ukuvimbela ukuncibilika kokuhlukana). Ukuvimbela okuqinile kufanele kugcinwe kuze kuphole ngaphansi kwephoyinti le-PTFE lokucwebezela (okungaba ngu-310°C) ukuze kuvinjelwe i-warpage.

Ukugqoka okufanayo ngesikhathi se-PTFE emulsion impregnation yendwangu ye-fiberglass iyindlela yokuphila yekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Izimbangela zokwemboza ngokungalingani: ukwehluleka okungeyona intonga (ukunamathela ezindaweni ezizacile), ubuthakathaka bemishini (ukugxiliswa kwengcindezi, ukudabuka), ukungazinzi kukagesi (i-voltage ehlukanayo yehla ibe ngu-1/10), ukungena kwamakhemikhali (ukugqwala kwephinifa), izinkinga zobukhulu (i-warpage), nokukhubazeka kokucubungula (ukuzulazula kwebhande, ukuhlukahluka kogqinsi). Ukumbozwa okufanayo kudinga ukulawulwa okunembile kwe-emulsion viscosity, okuqukethwe okuqinile, ukungezwani kwendwangu, izikhala zokuminyanisa, kanye namaphrofayili okomisa/ama-sintering anezindawo eziningi.

Indwangu ye-PTFE enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa idlula ezigabeni ezine zoshintsho lwesakhiwo njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka: ngaphansi kuka-260°C – ukuqhekeka okuncane okunensayo kanye nokuguquguquka okungeziwe okusele; ku-327 ° C (iphuzu elincibilikayo) - inguquko ye-crystalline-to-amorphous, i-coating iyathambisa, i-delaminates kusuka ku-fiberglass; 400-500°C - PTFE depolymerizes (ikhulula amagesi anobuthi), ukunamathela kuyanyamalala; ngaphezu kuka-500 ° C - i-fiberglass iyathamba (iphoyinti lokuthambisa elingu-840 ° C) futhi ilahlekelwa ubuqotho besakhiwo. Hlala ngaphansi kuka-260°C ngokuqhubekayo, gwema >300°C iziqongo ukuze usebenze ngokuphephile.